Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4163/kjn.2012.45.3.264

A comparison of food frequency for the elderly regarding different family types - Based on Community Health Survey for 2008 -  

Shin, Song-Kyoung (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Kim, Hyun-Ja (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Choi, Bo-Youl (Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University)
Lee, Sang-Sun (Department of Food and Nutrition, Hanyang University)
Publication Information
Journal of Nutrition and Health / v.45, no.3, 2012 , pp. 264-273 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study analyzes the food frequency for the elderly regarding different family types and finds the factors for nutritional risk, offers a basic reference for providing nutritional support for them. The study referred to the dietary behavioral survey data of 3,680 elderly people (1652 male and 2028 female) from 21 regions in the northern Kyeonggi province. The data was collected through the method of one-to-one interviews and was a part of the Community Health Survey for 2008 by the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (KCDC). We classified family types as a household for elderly people living alone, a household of elderly people with a spouse, a household of the elderly with unmarried children and a household of the elderly with married children, and as for intakes of foods, the frequencies of taking fruits, vegetables, kimchi, rice with mixed cereals, meat, fish, bean tofu soymilk, milk and dairy products, as well as sweet beverages are calculated on a daily basis and skipped meals are calculated on a weekly basis. Elderly women showed lower income, lower education level, higher unemployment rates, and a higher rate of government healthcare subsidies than elderly men. Elderly women tend to live alone and with their children while elderly men tend to live with their spouse. In both males and females, the intake of fruits and vegetables were the least in the elderly living alone, while the elderly with married children ate the most. In both males and females, the household of the elderly living alone ate significantly less amounts of Kimchi than other family types. Elderly people living alone tended to have significantly less meat and fish, especially women. In the case of rice with mixed cereals, the elderly men living alone and the elderly men with unmarried children ate significantly less amounts than the elderly men living with a spouse. The elderly men living alone took significantly less milk and dairy products than the elderly men with unmarried children while the elderly women living with a spouse took significantly less milk and dairy products than the elderly women with married children. With regards to the frequency of meal-skipping, the elderly living alone had the highest frequency for skipping meals. From this result, having various foods is difficult for the elderly living alone. Furthermore, the elderly living with unmarried children demonstrated a low quality of dietary life compared to those of married children. Hence, it can be concluded that social support is important in order for the elderly to have a balanced diet.
Keywords
family types; household; food frequency; elderly;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Jensen GL, Kita K, Fish J, Heydt D, Frey C. Nutrition risk screening characteristics of rural older persons: relation to functional limitations and health care charges. Am J Clin Nutr 1997; 66(4): 819-828
2 Thompson JL, Bentley G, Davis M, Coulson J, Stathi A, Fox KR. Food shopping habits, physical activity and health-related indicators among adults aged >/=70 years. Public Health Nutr 2011; 14(9): 1640-1649   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Kim IS, Yu HH, Kim YS. A study on nutrient intake, food behavior and health conditions according to food intake diversity in the elderly in a local city. Korean J Community Nutr 2001; 6(2): 205- 217
4 Ann KS. Study on the quality of life and social support of married couples and single households elderly. J Korea Gerontol Soc 2005; 25(1): 1-19
5 Rurik I. Nutritional differences between elderly men and women. Primary care evaluation in Hungary. Ann Nutr Metab 2006; 50 (1): 45-50   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Barberger-Gateau P, Jutand MA, Letenneur L, Larrieu S, Tavernier B, Berr C; 3C Study Group. Correlates of regular fish consumption in French elderly community dwellers: data from the Three-City study. Eur J Clin Nutr 2005; 59(7): 817-825   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Watt HC, Carson C, Lawlor DA, Patel R, Ebrahim S. Influence of life course socioeconomic position on older women's health behaviors: findings from the British Women's Heart and Health Study. Am J Public Health 2009; 99(2): 320-327   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Park YS, Kim S, Park KS, Lee JW, Kim KN. Nutrient intakes and health-related behaviors of the elderly in rural area. Korean J Community Nutr 1999; 4(1): 37-45
9 Haveman-Nies A, de Groot LP, van Staveren WA. Snack patterns of older Europeans. J Am Diet Assoc 1998; 98(11): 1297-1302   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Ribeiro RS, Rosa MI, Bozzetti MC. Malnutrition and associated variables in an elderly population of Criciúma, SC. Rev Assoc Med Bras 2011; 57(1): 56-61
11 Yim KS. Nutrient intake assessment of Korean elderly living in Inje area, according to food group intake frequency. Korean J Food Cult 2008; 23(6): 779-792
12 Chung MS, Kang KJ. A survey on the health, food perceptions, and food habits of urban elderly men -with special reference to elderly men in the Tap-gol Park-. Korean J Diet Cult 1996; 11(4): 455-463
13 Han KH, Park DY, Kim KN. Drug consumption and nutritional status of the elderly in Chung-buk area: II. Nutritional status of urban and rural elderly. Korean J Community Nutr 1998; 3(2): 228-244
14 Son SM, Park JK. The changes of dish consumption frequencies, dietary attitudes and health-nutrition risk for single living female elderly on food-aid program. J Korean Diet Assoc 2005; 11(3): 286- 298
15 Rhie SG, Chung KJ, Won HR. The odd pair family's dietary management in rural, Korea -comparison with the pair family-. Korean J Community Living Sci 2005; 16(1): 89-103
16 Kim MW, Han HK, Choi SS, Lee SD. A study on dietary pattern and nutritional status of the long-lived elderly people by food habit index in Ganghwa-gun area. Korean J Community Nutr 2005; 10(6): 892-904
17 Lim YJ, Choi YS. Dietary behaviors and seasonal diversity of food intakes of elderly women living alone as compared to those living with family in Gyeongbuk rural area. Korean J Community Nutr 2008; 13(5): 620-629
18 Locher JL, Robinson CO, Roth DL, Ritchie CS, Burgio KL. The effect of the presence of others on caloric intake in homebound older adults. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2005; 60(11): 1475- 1478   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Watson S, Zhang ZK, Wilkinson TJ. Nutrition risk screening in community-living older people attending medical or falls prevention services. Nutr Diet 2010; 67(2): 84-89   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Yuh YK. Consumption patterns of the elderly couple and elderly single. J Korean Home Manage Assoc 2003; 21(5): 1-12
21 Kim EM, Song YJ, Kim HS. Evaluation of eating habit and dietary intake by family type of seniors utilizing social welfare center in Seoul. Korean J Nutr 2007; 40(8): 753-761
22 Yoon SD, Han GH. Urban married women's perceived benefits and costs of the coresidence with parents. J Korea Gerontol Soc 1994; 14(2): 105-120
23 Kwon MA, Kim TH. A study of the effects on premarital adult children aged thirties psychological depression by parents-children differentiation and expressed emotion. J Korean Home Manage Assoc 2004; 22(5): 197-210
24 Stoller EP. Parental caregiving by adult children. J Marriage Fam 1983; 45(4): 851-858   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Kim HK, Do MH, Son HS, Park CS, Moon HS. Social work with families, 2nd revision. Goyang: Community; 2006
26 Lee JH, Kim MS, Lee YS, Park YJ. A study on the health status and dietary intake of rural elderly women in Kyeonggi province. Korean J Rural Living Sci 1994; 5(2): 133-144
27 Kharicha K, Iliffe S, Harari D, Swift C, Gillmann G, Stuck AE. Health risk appraisal in older people 1: are older people living alone an "at-risk" group? Br J Gen Pract 2007; 57(537): 271-276
28 Porter EJ. Problems with preparing food reported by frail older women living alone at home. ANS Adv Nurs Sci 2007; 30(2): 159- 174
29 Yap KB, Niti M, Ng TP. Nutrition screening among communitydwelling older adults in Singapore. Singapore Med J 2007; 48 (10): 911-916
30 Im SY. The association of social network and health status among the elderly in Korea [Master's thesis]. Seoul: Ewha Womans University; 2007
31 Kim J, Lee Y, Back JH. The association between frequency of food group consumption and functional disability in older people. J Korean Geriatr Soc 2010; 14(1): 25-35   DOI
32 Statistics Korea. Social indicators in Korea. Daejeon; 2011
33 Statistics Korea. Household projections for Korea: 2005-2030. Daejeon; 2007
34 Ministry of Health and Welfare. A survey on the elderly in Korea. Seoul; 2008
35 Posner BM, Jette AM, Smith KW, Miller DR. Nutrition and health risks in the elderly: the nutrition screening initiative. Am J Public Health 1993; 83(7): 972-978   DOI   ScienceOn
36 Choi Y, Park Y, Kim C, Chang Y. Evaluation of functional ability and nutritional risk according to self-rated health (SRH) of the elderly in Seoul and Kyunggi-do. Korean J Nutr 2004; 37(3): 223- 235
37 Keller HH. Nutrition and health-related quality of life in frail older adults. J Nutr Health Aging 2004; 8(4): 245-252
38 Won HR, Rhie SG, Choi MY. The elderly health and dietary management in Gyeonggi province -comparison with gender difference-. Korean J Community Living Sci 2006; 17(1): 123-139
39 Yim KS. Health-related behavioral factors associated with nutritional risks in Korean aged 50 years and over. Korean J Community Nutr 2007; 12(5): 592-605
40 Kim C, Park YS. Comparing health-related behaviors, food behaviors, and the nutrient adequacy ratio of rural elderly by single- elderly families vs. extended families. Korean J Community Nutr 2000; 5(Suppl): 307-315
41 Lee KH, Park MY. Nutrient intake of the rural elderly living in Kyungnam -focusing on health and aging status, and life-satisfaction. Korean J Community Nutr 2001; 6(5): 773-788
42 Kang Y, Kim M, Lee E. The relationship of perceived health status, activities of daily living and nutrition status in the community- dwelling Korean elderly. J Korean Acad Nurs 2008; 38(1): 122- 130   DOI
43 Kang HK, Kim SH. Effect of living conditions on food intakes of the aged. Korean J Nutr 2002; 35(3): 332-351
44 Yim KS, Lee TY. Sociodemographic factors associated with nutrients intake of elderly in Korea. Korean J Nutr 2004; 37(3): 210- 222
45 Choi HJ, Kim GE, Cheong HS, Jung SJ, Kim SH. The effects of relating factors on the nutrient intakes of the long-lived elderly people in Gyeongnam Namhae area. J Korean Diet Assoc 2005; 11(1): 21-27
46 Brownie S. Why are elderly individuals at risk of nutritional deficiency? Int J Nurs Pract 2006; 12(2): 110-118   DOI   ScienceOn
47 Uh SB, Na BJ, Lee MS, Kim KY, Kim EY, Hong JY, Kang MY. A study on risk factors of nutrition in a rural aged people. Konyang Med J 2005; 5(2): 126-134
48 Lee KW, Lee YM, Kim JH. The health and nutritional status of low-income, alone-living elderly. Korean J Community Nutr 2000; 5(1): 3-12