Browse > Article

Hazard Analysis for the Cultivation Stage of Strawberry Farms for Securing Preliminary Data to Establish the Good Agricultural Practices  

Lee, Chi-Yeop (Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University)
Lee, Won-Gyeong (Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University)
Song, Jeong-Eon (Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University)
Kim, Kyeong-Yeol (Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University)
Shim, Won-Bo (Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Yoon, Yo-Han (Department of Food and Nutrition, Sookmyung Women's University)
Kim, Yun-Shik (Department of Agriculture Economics, Gyeongsang National University, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Chung, Duck-Hwa (Division of Applied Life Science(BK 21 program), Graduate School, Gyeongsang National University, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Publication Information
Journal of agriculture & life science / v.46, no.3, 2012 , pp. 97-108 More about this Journal
Abstract
Physical, chemical and biological hazards of strawberry farms at the cultivation stage were analyzed to establish the GAP(Good Agricultural Practice) system. Samples were collected from the plants, cultivation environments(water, soil and air), and personal hygiene (hand, glove, and clothes) of three strawberry farms(A, B, and C) and were tested to analyze physical, chemical (heavy metals and pesticide residues), and biological(sanitary indications and foodborne pathogens) hazards. Physical hazards such as insects and pieces of metal and glass were found in the strawberry farms and can be potential bow for strawberry products. Heavy metal and pesticide residue as chemical hazards were detected at levels lower than the regulation limit. In case of biological hazards, total bacteria and coliform were detected at the levels of 1.6~7.3 and 1.3~5.6 log CFU/g, leaf, mL, hand or $100cm^2$. However, Escherichia coli was not detected in all samples. Bacillus cereus and Staphylococuus aureus were detected at levels of ${\leq}$ 1.1~6.1 log CFU and 4.7~5.4 log CFU/g, mL, hand or $100cm^2$, whereas Listeria monocytogenes, E. coli O157 and Salmonella spp. were not detected in all samples. This study demonstrates that various harzards were in strawberry farms at the growing stage. Therefore proper management such as GAP is needed to prevent the occurrence of food poisoning associated with the hazards revealed in this study.
Keywords
Good agricultural practices(GAP); Strawberry; Hazard; Pathogenic bacteria;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Bell, W. A., and R. F. Marpuis. 1991. Adaptation of Streptococcus mutans and Enterococcus hirae to acid stress in continuous culture. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 57: 1134-1138.
2 CDC. 2008. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The united states annual listing of foodborne disease outbreaks. Available from : http://www.cdc.gov./foodborneoutbreaks/outbreakdata.htm. Accessed Aug. 1.
3 Choe, J. S., H. K. Chun, D. Y. Hwang, and H. J. Nam. 2005. Consumer perceptions food-related hazards and correlates of degree of concerns about food. J. Kor. Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 34: 66-74
4 Chung, D. H. 2007. Application of good agricultural practices (GAP) of vegetables and their safety. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol., 25: 42.
5 Chung, J. K., M. J. Kim, H. Y. Kee, M. H. Choi, J. J. Seo, S. H. Kim, J. T. Park, M. G. Kim, and E. S. Kim. 2008. Prevalence of food poisoning bacteria on hands in various age groups. J. Fd Hyg. Safety. 23: 40-50.
6 Han, S. B. 1998. Heavy metal concentration of herbal medicines produced in Korea, China and other contries. Master couse. Thesis, Sangi University. Korea.
7 Hatakka, M., K. J. Bjorkoth, K. Asplund, N. Maki-Petays, and H. J. Korkeala. 2000. Genotypes and enterotoxicity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from the hands and nasal cavities of flight-catering employees. J. Food Prot. 63: 1487-1491.
8 Jung, H. K. 1994. Ecological studies on the causative agents of food poisoning from food animals. Kor. J. Env. Hlth. Soc., 20: 90-98.
9 Jung, S. H., M. J. Hur, J. H. Ju, K. A. Kim, S. S. Oh, J. M. Ko, Y. H. Kim, and J. S. Im. 2006. Microbiologicaleevaluation of raw vegetables. J. Fd Hyg. Safety. 21: 250-257.
10 KFDA. 2011. Korea Food & Drug Administration. Food Code. Seoul.
11 Kim, H. J., J. K. Park, D. S. Lee, and H. D. Park. 2002. Changes of indicator microorganisms and pathogenic bacteria in spinach during cook-chill process. KoreanJ. Food Sci. Technol., 34: 927-930.
12 Kim, J. S., W. B. Shim, J. H. Kim, S. R. Kim, and D. H. Chung. 2006. Sanitary microbial distribution at the tomato farms in Western Gyengnam. Kor. J. Env. Hlth. 32: 77-88.
13 Kim, K. Y., J. E. Song, R. W. Heo, W. G. Lee, M. J. Nam, J. S. Kim, W. B. Shim, J. G. Gil, C. S. Jung, K. Y. Park, and D. H. Chung. 2011. Microbial assessment of hot pepper farms for application the good agricultural practices (GAP) of hot pepper. J. Agric. Life Sci. 44: 121-132.
14 Kim, K. Y., M. J. Nam, H. W. Lee, W. B. Shim, Y. H. Yoon, S. R. Kim, J. G. Ryu, M. K. Hong, O. J. You, and D. H. Chung. 2009. Microbiological safety assessment of a perilla leaf postharvest facility for application of a good agricultural practices (GAP) system. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 41: 392-398.
15 Kim, S. G., C. H. Kim, T. W. Kim, K. S. Lee, K. S. Chung. 2006. The latest hospital hygiene, KMS, Seoul, 251-256,9
16 Kim, S. R. 2010. Study on the evaluation of microbial safety of perilla leaves and suggestion of methods toreduce microbial loads. Doctor course Thesis, Gyeongsang National University. Korea.
17 Kim, S. Y. 2004. Implementation of GAP and its implications for food labeling and certification policies. J. Agric. Life Sci. 38: 21-32.
18 Lee, Y. M., J. I. Kang, and G. C. Hwang. 2005. Necessity of introducing the GAP system and future policy direction. J. Agric. Life Sci. 39: 15-30.
19 Lee, Y. M., J. C. Park, and G. C. Hwang. 2006. A survey on the implementation of the Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) in paprika farms. J. Agric Life Sci. 40: 21-39.
20 Lee, Y. M., J. C. Park, and G. C. Hwang. 2008. A Survey in the implementation of the Good Agricultural Practice (GAP) in Greenhouse farms. J. Agric Life Sci. 42: 33-44.
21 Liu, S., J. E. Buring, H. D. Sesso, E. B. Rimm, W. C. Willett, and J. E. Manson. 2002. A prospective study of dietary fiber intake and risk of cardiovascular disease among women. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 39: 49-56.
22 MERK. 2011. Ministry of Environment Republic of Korea. Drinking water, soil and irrigation water quality standard and test. Available from : http://eng.me.go.kr Accessed October 1.
23 Meyers, K. J., C. B. Watkins, M. P. Pritts and R. H. Liu. 2003. Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of strawberries. J. Agric. Food Chem. 51: 6887-6892.
24 NAQS. 2004. National Agricultural Products Management service. Preprocessing can be applied to agricultural development in the HACCP Manual. Final Report.
25 Oh, D. H. 2004. Microbial safety plan for Fresh agricultural food . Food storage and Processing indstry. 3, 35-41.
26 Park. H. O., C. M. Kim, G. J. Woo, S. H. Park, D. H. Lee, E. J. Chang, and K. H. Park. 2001. Monitoring and trends analysis of food poisoning outbreaks occurred in recent years in korea. J. Fd Hyg. Safety. 16: 280-294.
27 Park, K. J. 2009. The analysis of food safety incidents from 1998 to 2008. J. Fd Hyg. Safety. 24: 162-168.
28 Park, M. K., H. J. Lee, J. K. Kim, and S. Y. Moon. 2005. The correlation of heavy metal contents in herbal medicines and their soils at north Gyeongbuk Area. J. Envir. Sci. 14: 185-192.
29 RDA. 2006. Rural Development Administration. GAP certified auditor training materials.
30 Seo J. E., J. K. Lee, S. W. Oh, M. S. Koo, Y. H. Kim, and Y. J. Kim. 2007. Changes of microorganisms during fresh-cut cabbage processing: Focusing on the changes of air-borne microorganisms. J. Fd Hyg. Safety 22: 288-293.
31 Yu, Y. M., S. C. Oh, B. J. Sung, H. H. Kim, Y. H. Lee, and Y. N. Youn. 2007. Analysis of good agricultural practices(GAP) in Panax ginseng C.A. mayer. Korean J. Medicinal Crop. 15: 220-226.
32 Yu, Y. M., Y. N. Youn, Q. J. Hua, G. H. Cha, and Y. H. Lee. 2009. Biological hazard analysis of paprikas, strawberries and tomatoes in the markets. J. Fd Hyg. Safety. 24: 174-181.