Browse > Article

Chemical Characteristics of Rain Water at Ulsan Industrial Complex Area and Mt. Jiri Area  

Seo, Dong-Jin (Department of Forest Environmental Resources, Gyeongsang National Univ.)
Yun, Seok-Lak (Department of Forest Environmental Resources, Gyeongsang National Univ.)
Moon, Hyeon-Sik (Department of Forest Environmental Resources, Gyeongsang National Univ.)
Lee, Chong-Gyu (Department of Forest Resources, Jinju National Univ. (Insti. of Agric. & Life Sci.))
Kim, Jong-Kab (Department of Forest Environmental Resources, Gyeongsang National Univ.)
Publication Information
Journal of agriculture & life science / v.44, no.6, 2010 , pp. 15-22 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of ions in rainwater by stem flow, through fall and rainfall in Pinus thunbergii forest in Ulsan industrial complex area and Mt. Jiri area. pH of rainwater in Ulsan industrial complex area was low as compared with those in Mt. Jiri area. EC of rainwater in Ulsan industrial complex area was mainly high and there was twice difference in stemflow and through fall as compared to Mt. Jiri area. The concentration of major ions in rainwater, especially $Ca^{2+}$ and $Mg^{2+}$ in stem flow were generally high at Ulsan industrial complex area, while anions were high in the order of ${SO_4}^{2-}>{NO_3}^{-}>Cl^-$ in both areas. There was a wide difference in ${SO_4}^{2-}$ concentration in the stem flow between both areas. ${SO_4}^{2-}$ from air pollutants will result into acidification of forest soils and thereafter cause damages on forest ecosystems.
Keywords
Stemflow; Throughfall; Rainfall; Pinus thunbergii stand;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Aron, D. B. and L. J. Lund. 1994. Factors controlling throughfall characteristics of a high elevation Sierra Nevada site, California J. Environ. Qual. 23: 844-850.
2 Cappelato, R, N. E. Peters, and H. L. Ragsdale. 1993. Acidic atmospheric deposition and canopy interaction of adjacent deciduous and coniferous forests in the Georgia Piemont. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 1114-1124.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Chang, K. S. and S. W. Lee. 1995. Sensitivity and self-purification function of forest ecosystem to acid precipitation(II) - Ion balance in vegetation and soil leachate-. Jour. Korean For. Soc. 84: 103-113.
4 Choi, K. C., C. H. Kim, J. G. Cho, and J. H. Park. 1998. Ionic composition of early and succeeding rainwater in Pusan area. J. Korea Air Pollu. Res. Assoc. 14: 361- 368.
5 Edmond, R. L., T. B. Thomas, and J. J. Rhodes. 1991. Canopy and soil modification of precipitation chemistry in a temperate rain forest. Soil. Sci. Soc. Am. J. 55: 1685-1693.   DOI
6 Han. S. H. and K. J. Lee. 1997. Buffering capacity of four tree species against soil acidification by acid rain and variations in nutrient leaching from tree crowns. Jour. Korean For. Soc. 86: 342-351.
7 Hiraki, T., M. Tamaki, H. Mitsugi, and H. Watanabe. 1985. Estimation of air pollution by rainwater components. Bull. of Hyogo Prefectural Pollution Station 17: 6-11.
8 Jin, H. O., D. Y. Chung, and C. H. Lee. 1999. Water chemistry profiles under Korean white pine(Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.) stand. Kor. J. Agric. Forest Meteorol. 3: 1-4.
9 Joo, Y. T., H. R. Kim, and S. D. Lee. 2003. Changes to the pH and chemical composition of the precipitation inside the Pinus densiflora and Pinus rigida stands. Korean. J. Agric. For. Meteorol. 5: 24-29.   과학기술학회마을
10 Jung, M. H., D. K. Lee, T. W. Um. 2007. Differences of nutrient input by throughfall, stemflow and litterfall between deciduous forest and Larix kaempferi plantation in Mt. Joonwang, Kangwon-do. Korean J. Soil Sci. Fert. 40: 136-144.
11 Kim, D. Y., J. H. Ryu, J. S. Chae, and S. H. Cha. 1996. Deposition of atmospheric pollutants in forest ecosystems and changes in soil chemical properties. Jour. Korean. For. Soc. 85: 84-95.
12 Kim, M. S., W. Seomun, and K. W. Chun. 2001. Variations of pH values and EC of stemflow of 5 tree species in Chunchon districts, Kangwon-do. Jour. Korean. For. Soc. 90: 413-419.
13 Kim, J. K., J. Tanaka, and Y. Hukuoka. 1998. Characteristics of ions in rainwater at air polluted and non-polluted area. Korean. J. Ecol. 21: 195-201.
14 Lee, C. K., J. H. Hwang, and J. K. Kim. 2004. Study on decline of trees by acid rain. Korean. J. Ecol. 27: 347-353.   과학기술학회마을
15 Lee, C. K. and J. K. Kim. 1998. Evaluation on effects of acid deposition by analysis rainfall in the forest. Korean. J. Ecol. 21: 449-456.
16 Lee, J. S., G. B. Jung, J. H. Kim, W. I. Kim, S. G. Yun, and J. C. Im. 2001. Volume-weighted ion concentration of rainwater in Taean area. Korean J. Environ. Agric. 20: 284-288.
17 Levia Jr, D. F. and S. R. Herwitz. 2000. Physical properties of water in relation to stemflow leachate dynamics: implication for nutrient cycling. Can. J. For. Res. 30: 662-666.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Levia Jr, D. F. and E. F. Ethan. 2003. A review and evaluation of stemflow literature in the hydrologic and biogeochemical cycles of forest and agricultural ecosystems. J. Hydrol. 274: 1-29.   DOI
19 Liechty, H. O., G. D. Mroz, and D. D. Reed. 1993. Cation and anion fluxes in northern hardwood throughfall along an acidic deposition gradient. Can. J. For. Res. 23: 457-467.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Madrappa, M. K. 1990. Partitioning for rain water and chemicals into throughfall and stemflow in different forest stands. For. Ecol. Manage. 30: 65-72.   DOI
21 McDonald, N. W., A. J. Burton, H. O. Lichty, J. A. Witter, K. S. Pregitzer, G. D. Mrotz, and D. D. Richter. 1992. Ion leaching in forest ecosystem along Great Lakes air pollution gradient. J. Environ. Qual. 21: 614-623
22 Park, K. T., G. E. Moon, J. G. Heo, and H. B. Hong. 1995. A comparative study on the chemical composition of precipitations in Sungnam city of Kyunggi province, Inchon city, Kangneung city of Kangwon province, and Chongwon-gun of Chungbuk province. J. Korean Environ. Sci. Soc., 4: 285-294.
23 Park, Y. D., D. K. Lee, and D. Y. Kim. 1999. Nutrient dynamics in the throughfall, stemflow and soil solution of Korean pine, Japanese larch and hardwood stands at Kwangju-Gun, Kyonggi-Do. Jour. Korean. For. Soc. 88: 541-554.
24 Parker, G. G. 1983. Throughfall and stemflow in the forest nutrient cycle. Adv. Ecol. Res. 13: 57-133.   DOI
25 Tajchman, S. J., R. N. Keys, and S. R. Kosuri. 1991. Comparison of pH, sulfate and nitrate in throughfall and stemflow in yellowpoplar and oak stands in northern- central Westvirginia. For. Ecol. Manage. 40: 137-144.   DOI
26 Takuya, K., K. Yoshida, and N. Keiichi. 1992. The effects of simulated acid rain on the uptake of mineral elements in soybean plants. J. Agr. Met. 48: 11-18.   DOI
27 Tamaki, M., M. Shoga, and T. Hiraki. 1991. Precipitation chemistry by Wet/Dry sampler in Kobe. Jap. J. Chemistry 6: 930-935.
28 Taniyama, T. and H. Saito. 1981. Effect of acid rain on apparent photosynthesis and gain yield of wheat, barley and rice plant. Rep. Environ. Sci. Mie Univ. 6: 87-101
29 Whitehead, P. G., S. Bird, M. Homung, J. Cosby, C. Neal, and P. Paricos. 1988. Stream acidification trends in the welsh uplands - a modelling study of the Llyn Brianne catchments. J. of Hydrology 101: 191-121.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Yoo, J. H., Y. K. Kim, C. H. Lee, J. K. Byun, K. Choi, and J. S. Oh. 2000. Ion dynamics in the rainfall, throughfall, stemflow and soil solution of red pine (Pinus densiflora) stands at Chunchon. Korean J. Ecol. 23: 347-351.
31 권우택, 김선태, 나춘기, 박기학, 이남훈, 이주삼, 홍지형, 황갑성. 1996. 산성비조사법. 동화기술. p. 19.
32 김종갑, 양첩행. 1997. 지구환경변동과 농림업, 서경출판사, 서울. p. 297.