[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.11629/jpaar.2018.14.4.153

Classification and identification of organic aerosols in the atmosphere over Seoul using two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS) data

Jeon, So Hyeon (Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute)
Lim, Hyung Bae (National Institute of Environmental Research, Air Quality Research Division)
Choi, Na Rae (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
Lee, Ji Yi (Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University)
Ahn, Yun Kyong (Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute)
Kim, Yong Pyo (Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, Ewha Womans University)

Publication Information

Particle and aerosol research / v.14, no.4, 2018 , pp. 153-169 More about this Journal

Abstract

To identify a variety of organic compounds in the ambient aerosols, the two-dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GCxGC) system (2DGC) has been applied. While 2DGC provides more peaks, the amount of the generated data becomes huge. A two-step approach has been proposed to efficiently interpret the organic aerosol analysis data. The two-dimensional 2DGC data were divided into 6 chemical groups depending on their volatility and polarity. Using these classification standards, all the peaks were subject to both qualitative and quantitative analyses and then classified into 8 classes. The aerosol samples collected in Seoul in summer 2013 and winter 2014 were used as the test case. It was found that some chemical classes such as furanone showed seasonal variation in the high polarity-volatile organic compounds (HP-VOC) group. Also, for some chemical classes, qualitative and quantitative analyses showed different trends. Limitations of the proposed method are discussed.

기존 대기 에어로졸에서의 유기성분 분석은 분석 기기로 파악한 피크 가운데 동정 가능한 성분 개수에 제한이 있었다. 이 문제를 극복하는 방법의 하나로 2DGC를 활용하여 보다 많은 성분을 동정하고, 이들 성분들의 특성 파악을 용이하게 하기 위해 검출된 피크들을 휘발도에 따라 3개, 극성도에 따라 2개로 분리하여 총 6개의 그룹으로 구분하고, 각 그룹의 피크를 정성/정성 분석하여 화학 특성에 따른 클래스로 구분하는 방법론을 제시하였다. 제시한 방법론을 서울에서 2013년 여름과 2014년 겨울에 측정한 대기 에어로졸의 유기 성분을 2DGC로 분석한 결과에 적용하여 특성 파악 연구를 수행하였다. 정성/정량 분석 결과 유기 성분을 8개의 클래스로 구분할 수 있었다. 이 성분들은 계절별 유사성과 차별성을 보여주었다. 한 예로 고극성-휘발성유기화합물(HP-VOC)의 정성분석 결과 여름에는 furanone 성분이 대부분이었으나, 겨울에는 furanone 성분이 검출되지 않았다. 저극성 반휘발성유기화합물(LP-SVOC)의 정성적 특징은 VOC와 OVOC가 대부분을 차지하고 있는 것이었으며 OVOC가 VOC보다 더 많은 종류로 검출되었다. 그러나 상대적 정량분석에서는 반대로 OVOC보다 VOC가 두 배 더 많은 양을 차지하고 있었다. 즉 LP-SVOC에서 OVOC는 더 다양한 종류가 발견되나 정량적으로 봤을 때는 VOC가 대부분을 차지하고 있다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 분석 결과는 보다 다양한 성분의 유기성분 분석과 함께 정성/정량 분석의 통합적 활용이 필요함을 보여주고 있다. 이 연구에서 2DGC 시스템 결과를 6개의 그룹으로 구분하여 미지 성분 피크를 그 그룹의 특성을 가진 것으로 정성/정량 분석하여 어느 정도 결과를 도출하였다. 그러나 각 그룹의 경계에 있는 성분들이 비슷한 특성을 갖는 경우가 나타났고, 정량 분석에는 아직도 미흡한 부분이 있는 제한점을 보였다. 이 부분에 대한 보다 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하다. 또한 2DGC 시스템은 단일 GC 시스템보다 검출 한도가 높은 제한점을 가지고 있으며, 정량이 아직 확실하지 않은 단점이 있다. 이들 문제점을 해결하기 위해서는 분석 시스템 자체에 대한 심도 깊은 연구가 필요하다.

Keywords

$GC{\times}GC/TOF-MS$ ; qualitative analysis; quantitative analysis; chemical categorization; organic aerosols;

Citations & Related Records

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KSCI

Classification and identification of organic aerosols in the atmosphere over Seoul using two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS) data GC×GC/TOF-MS를 이용한 서울 대기 중 유기 에어로졸의 분류 및 동정

Classification and identification of organic aerosols in the atmosphere over Seoul using two dimensional gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC/TOF-MS) data