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Spatial Distribution of Air Pollution Level inside Roadway Tunnels in Urban Area  

Park, Bo-Eun (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Lee, Seung-Bok (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Lee, Dong-Hun (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Lee, Seung Jae (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Woo, Dae-Kwang (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Choi, Jae-Hyun (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Jin, Hyoun-Cher (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Bae, Gwi-Nam (Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology)
Yun, Seong-Taek (Green School (Graduate School of Energy and Environment), Korea University)
Publication Information
Particle and aerosol research / v.8, no.1, 2012 , pp. 17-28 More about this Journal
Abstract
Air pollution levels of gases and aerosol particles inside the Jeongneung and Hongjimun tunnels of the Naebu express way in Seoul were investigated through on-road measurement using a mobile emission laboratory (MEL) on February 8, 2011. The concentrations of $NO_x$, $CO_2$, number concentration of particles ranging 21-560 nm, and surface area of particles deposited on a human lung almost linearly increased with increasing distance from the tunnel entrance, and decreased rapidly before the tunnel exit. This trend was observed regardless of tunnel length and driving directions, which thought to be caused by semi-transverse ventilation facilities of the tunnels. The concentration increments per 1-m distance for $NO_x$, $CO_2$, deposited particle surface area, and number of particles ranging 21-560 nm were 0.61~0.80 ppb, 0.16~0.21 ppm, $0.20{\sim}0.29{\mu}m^2/cm^3$, and 117~192 particles/$cm^3$, respectively. Average pollution levels inside the two tunnels for $CO_2$, deposited particle surface area, and number of particles >5.6 nm ranged 681~748 ppm, $246{\sim}381{\mu}m^2/cm^3$, and $2.4{\sim}6.7{\times}10^5$ particles/$cm^3$, respectively. In case of $NO_x$, the maximum concentration exceeded 1 ppm. These pollution levels inside the tunnels are much higher than those at urban background sites. This result can be utilized as basic data to evaluate the effectiveness of present ventilation system for reducing the pollution level caused by vehicles inside the tunnels.
Keywords
Roadway tunnel; Air pollution; On-road measurement; Vehicle emission; Nanoparticle;
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Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
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