Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/cac.2019.24.5.423

Design equation to evaluate bursting forces at the end zone of post-tensioned members  

Kim, Joung Rae (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
Kwak, Hyo-Gyoung (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST))
Kim, Byung-Suk (Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
Publication Information
Computers and Concrete / v.24, no.5, 2019 , pp. 423-436 More about this Journal
Abstract
Design equations to evaluate the bursting force in a post-tensioned anchorage zone have been introduced in many design codes, and one equation in AASHTO LRFD is widely used. However, this equation may not determine the bursting force exactly because it was designed on the basis of two-dimensional numerical analyses without considering various design parameters such as the duct hole and shape of the bearing plate. To improve the design equation, modification of the AASHTO LRFD design equation was considered. The behavior of the anchorage zone was investigated using three-dimensional linear elastic finite element analysis with design parameters such as bearing plate size and diameter of sheath hole. Upon the suggestion of a modified design equation for evaluating the bursting force in an anchorage block with a rectangular anchorage plate (Kim and Kwak 2018), additional influences of design parameters that could affect the evaluation of bursting force were investigated. An improved equation was introduced for determining the bursting force in an anchorage block with a circular anchorage plate, using the same procedure introduced in the design equation for an anchorage block with a rectangular anchorage plate. The validity of the introduced design equation was confirmed by comparison with AASHTO LRFD.
Keywords
bursting force; anchorage zone; duct hole; multiple anchorage; circular bearing plate;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 AASHTO (2012), AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications, America Association of State Highway Transportation Officials, Washington, DC, USA
2 Adeghe, L.N. and Collins, M.P. (1987), "A finite element model for studying reinforced concrete detailing problems", Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
3 Al-saadoun, S.S. (1980), "A Three-dimensional photoelastic investigation of the stress distribution in the anchorage zone of post-tensioned beams", Master Dissertation, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.
4 American Concrete Institute Committee 318 (2014), ACI 318-14 Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete and Commentary, Structural Building Code, Farmington Hills, MI, USA.
5 Breen, J.E., Burdet, O., Roberts, C., Sanders, D. and Wollmann, G. (1994), Anchorage Zone Reinforcement for Post-tensioned Concrete Girders, Transportation Research Board, Washington (DC), USA.
6 Burdet, O. (1990), "Analysis and design of anchorage zones in post-tensioned concrete bridges", Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Texas, Austin, USA.
7 CEB-FIP Model Code (2010), Fib Model Code for Concrete Structures, Committee Euro-International du Beton, Lausanne, Switzerland
8 Choi, K. and Lho, B. (2015), "Study on bursting stress in anchorage zone of prestressed concrete using circular anchorages", J. Korea Inst. Struct. Mainten. Inspect., 19(1), 3-12. https://doi.org/10.11112/jksmi.2015.19.1.003.   DOI
9 Choi, K.C., Park, Y.H. and Paik, I.Y. (2010), "Evaluation of bursting behavior in anchorage zone of PSC I girders", J. Korean Soc. Civil Eng., 30(3), 329-336.
10 Dassault Systemes (2013), "ABAQUS online user manual version 6.13-1", Dassault Systemes, Waltham, MA.
11 den Uijl, J.A. (1983), "Tensile stresses in the transmission zones of hollow-core slabs prestressed with pretensioned strands", Delft University of Technology, Stevin Laboratory, Delft, Netherlands.
12 Haroon, S., Yazdani, N. and Tawfiq, K. (2006), "Posttensioned anchorage zone enhancement with fiber-reinforced concrete", J. Bridge Eng., 11(5), 566-572. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2006)11:5(566).   DOI
13 Douglas, D.J. and Trahair, N.S. (1960), "An examination of the stresses in the anchorage zone of a post-tensioned prestressed concrete beam", Mag. Concrete Res., 12(34), 9-18. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1960.12.34.9.   DOI
14 EOTA (European Organisation for Technical Approvals) (2002), "ETAG 013: Guideline for European technical approval of posttensioning kits for prestressing of structures", EOTA, Brussels, Belgium
15 Fenwick, R.C. and Lee, S.C. (1986), "Anchorage zones in prestressed concrete members", Mag. Concrete Res., 38(135), 77-89. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1986.38.135.77.   DOI
16 He, Z. and Liu, Z. (2011), "Investigation of bursting forces in anchorage zones: compression-dispersion models and unified design equation", J. Bridge Eng., 16(6), 820-827. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000187.   DOI
17 Hou, D.W., Zhao, J.L., Shen, J.S.L. and Chen, J. (2017), "Investigation and improvement of strut-and-tie model for design of end anchorage zone in post-tensioned concrete structure", Constr. Build. Mater., 136, 482-494. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.01.033.   DOI
18 Jo, B., Byun, Y. and Tae, G. (2002), "Structural behavior of cable anchorage zones in prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge", Can. J. Civil Eng., 29(1), 171-180. https://doi.org/10.1139/l01-087.   DOI
19 Kara, M.E., Firat, F.K., Sonmez, M. and Karabork, T. (2016), "An investigation of anchorage to the edge of steel plates bonded to RC structures", Steel Compos. Struct., 22(1), 25-43. https://doi.org/10.12989/scs.2016.22.1.025.   DOI
20 Kim, J., Yang, J. and Kwon, Y. (2016), "Influence of steel fiber and reinforcing details on the ultimate bearing strength of the post-tensioning anchorage zone", Struct. Eng. Mech., 59(5), 867-883. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2016.59.5.867.   DOI
21 Kim, J.K., Kwon, Y. and Kwak, H.G. (2014), "Anchorage zone behavior in the slab with flat anchorage", J. Korean Soc. Hazard Mitig., 14(1), 67-76. https://doi.org/10.9798/KOSHAM.2014.14.1.67.   DOI
22 Kim, J.K., Yang, J.M. and Yim, H.J. (2016), "Experimental evaluation of transfer length in pretensioned concrete beams using 2,400-MPa prestressed strands", J. Struct. Eng., 142(11), 4016088. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001567.   DOI
23 Kim, J.R and Kwak, H.G. (2018), "FE analyses and prediction of bursting forces in post-tensioned anchorage zone", Comput. Concrete, 21(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2018.21.1.075.   DOI
24 Kwon, Y.S., Kim, J.K. and Kwak, H.G. (2015), "Ultimate strength of anchorage zone according to geometric parameters of posttensioning anchorage using a finite element method", J. Comput. Struct. Eng. Inst. Korea, 28(3), 317-324. https://doi.org/10.7734/COSEIK.2015.28.3.317.   DOI
25 Liu, C., Xu, D., Jung, B. and Morgenthal, G. (2013), "Reinforcement design for the anchorage of externally prestressed bridges with 'tensile stress region'", Comput. Concrete, 11(5), 383-397. https://doi.org/10.12989/cac.2013.11.5.383.   DOI
26 Marchao, C., Lucio, V. and Ganz, H.R. (2019), "Efficiency of the confinement reinforcement in anchorage zones of posttensioning tendons", Struct. Concrete, 20(3), 1182-1198. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201800238.   DOI
27 O'Callaghan, M.R. and Bayrak, O. (2008), "Tensile stresses in the end regions of pretensioned I-beams at release", Master Dissertation, The University of Texas, Austin, USA.
28 Okumus, P., Oliva, M.G. and Becker, S. (2012), "Nonlinear finite element modeling of cracking at ends of pretensioned bridge girders", Eng. Struct., 40, 267-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2012.02.033.   DOI
29 Oh, B.H. and Lim, D.H. (1995), "Stress distribution and crack control at anchorage zones in prestressed concrete box-girder bridge members", J. Korean Soc. Civil Eng., 15(2), 325-336.
30 Oh, B.H., Lim, D.H. and Park, S.S. (1997), "Stress distribution and cracking behavior at anchorage zones in prestressed concrete members", ACI Struct. J., 94(5), 549-557.
31 Robinson, B., Florida, A., Tawfiq, K.S. and Engineering, F.C. (2009), "Using steel fiber reinforced concrete in post-tensioned anchorage zones", Structures Congress 2009, Austin, Texas, USA, May.
32 Sahoo, D.K., Singh, B. and Bhargava, P. (2009), "Investigation of dispersion of compression in bottle-shaped struts", ACI Struct. J., 106(2), 178-186.
33 Sanders, D.H. and Breen, J.E. (1997), "Post-tensioned anchorage zones with single straight concentric Anchorages", ACI Struct. J., 94(2), 146-158.
34 Schlaich, J., Schafer, K. and Jennewein, M. (1987), "Toward a consistent design of structural concrete", PCI J., 32(3), 74-150.   DOI
35 Shen, S.L., Hou, D.W., Zhao, J.L., Horpibulsuk, S. and Yin, Z.Y. (2014), "Assessment of internal forces for intermediate anchorage zone of post-tensioned concrete structure", Constr. Build. Mater., 64, 370-378. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.04.085.   DOI
36 Wollmann, G.P., Breen, J.E. and Kreger, M.E. (2000), "Anchorage of external tendons in end diaphragms", J. Bridge Eng., 5(3), 208-215. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)1084-0702(2000)5:3(208).   DOI
37 Songwut, H. (2004), "Linear and nonlinear finite element analyses of anchorage zones in post-tensioned concrete structures", Ph.D. Dissertation, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, USA.
38 Stone, W.C. and Breen, J.E. (1984), "Behavior of post-tensioned girder anchorage zones", PCI J., 29(1), 64-109.   DOI
39 Sundara Raja Iyengar, K.T. and Yogananda, C.V. (1966), "A three-dimensional stress distribution problem in the anchorage zone of a post-tensioned concrete beam", Mag. Concrete Res., 18(55), 75-84. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1966.18.55.75.   DOI
40 Wollmann, G.P. (1992), "Anchorage zones in post-tensioned concrete structure", Ph.D. Dissertation, The University of Texas, Austin, USA.
41 Yettram, A.L. and Robbins, K. (1970), "Anchorage zone stresses in post-tensioned uniform members with eccentric and multiple anchorages", Mag. Concrete Res., 22(73), 209-218. https://doi.org/10.1680/macr.1970.22.73.209.   DOI
42 Yun, Y.M. (2005), "Evaluation of ultimate strength of posttensioned anchorage zones", J. Adv. Concrete Technol., 3(1), 149-159. https://doi.org/10.3151/jact.3.149.   DOI
43 Zhao, J.L., Shen, S.L., Wang, L.B. and Chen, J. (2011), "A design approach for the interior anchorage zone of post-tensioned concrete structure", KSCE J. Civil Eng., 15(3), 487-495. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12205-011-0835-3.   DOI
44 Zhou, L. and Liu, Z. (2016), "Transverse bursting stresses due to horizontally curved tendons in the top slab of box girders", J. Bridge Eng., 21(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)BE.1943-5592.0000863.
45 Zhou, L.Y., Liu, Z. and He, Z.Q. (2015), "Further investigation of transverse stresses and bursting forces in post-tensioned anchorage zones", Struct. Concrete, 16(1), 84-92. https://doi.org/10.1002/suco.201400005.   DOI