On the fatigue behavior of support structures for offshore wind turbines |
Alati, N.
(Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria)
Nava, V. (Tecnalia Research and Innovation, Parque Cientifico y Tecnologico de Bizkaia) Failla, G. (Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria) Arena, F. (Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria) Santini, A. (Department of Civil, Energy, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICEAM), University "Mediterranea" of Reggio Calabria) |
1 | Boccotti, P., Arena, F., Fiamma, V. and Barbaro, G. (2012), "Field experiment on random-wave forces on vertical cylinders", Probabilist. Eng. Mech., 28, 39-51. DOI |
2 | AlHamaydeh, M. and Hussain, S. (2011), "Optimized frequency-based foundation design for wind turbine towers utilizing soil-structure interaction", J. Frankln. I., 348(7), 1470-1487. DOI |
3 | Andersen, U.V. (2008), Load reduction of support structures of offshore wind turbines, Master thesis, Danish Technical University (DTU), Copenhagen. |
4 | API RP 2A-WSD 21st edition, December 2000. |
5 | Boccotti, P., Arena, F., Fiamma, V. and Romolo, A. (2013), "Two small-scale field experiments on the effectiveness of Morison's equation", Ocean Eng., 57(1), 141-149. DOI |
6 | Camp, T.R. et al. (2003), Design methods for offshore wind turbines at exposed sites, EU Joule III Project JOR3-CT98-0284, Final Report. |
7 | Chakrabarti, S.K. (1987), Hydrodynamics of offshore structures, WIT Press, Boston, USA. |
8 | Computers and Structures (CSI) (2010), SAP2000, Berkeley, USA. |
9 | Daim, T.U., Bayraktaroglu, E., Estep, J., Lim, D.J., Upadhyay, J. and Yang, J. (2012), "Optimizing the NW off-shore wind turbine design", Math.Comput. Model., 55(3-4), 396-404. DOI |
10 | DNV-RP-C205 (2010), Environmental conditions and environmental loads, Det Norske Veritas. |
11 | Elshafey, A.A., Haddara, M.R. and Marzouk, H. (2009), "Dynamic response of offshore jacket structures under random loads", Mar.Struct., 22(3), 504-521. DOI ScienceOn |
12 | De Vries, W. (2011), "UpWind_WP4_D4.2.8_Final Report WP4.2: Support structure concepts for deep water", UpWind deliverable D4.2.8, March 2011. |
13 | Dong, W., Moan, T. and Gao, Z. (2011), "Long-term fatigue analysis of multi-planar tubular joints for jacket-type offshore wind turbine in time domain", Eng.Struct., 33(6), 2002-2014. DOI |
14 | Dong, W., Moan, T. and Gao, Z. (2012), "Fatigue reliability analysis of the jacket support structure for offshore wind turbine considering the effect of corrosion and inspection", Reliab. Eng. Syst. Safe., 106, 11-27. DOI |
15 | Garrad, H. and Partners (2009), Bladed for Windows, Bristol, UK. |
16 | Hansen, M.O.L. (2008), Aerodynamics of wind turbines, 2ndEd., Earthscan, London, UK. |
17 | Hasselmann, K., Barnett, T.P., Bouws, E., Carlson, H. et al. (1973). "Measurements of wind wave growth and swell decay during the Joint North Sea Wave Project (JONSWAP)", Deut. Hydrogr. Zeit, A8, 1-95. |
18 | Homepage, "Alpha Ventus": http://www.alpha-ventus.de. |
19 | Homepage, "Beatrice Windfarm Demonstrator Project": http://www.beatricewind.co.uk. |
20 | Homepage, "Waveclimate.com": http://www.waveclimate.com. |
21 | ISSC specialist committee V.4 (2006), "Ocean wind and wave energy utilization", Proceedings of the International Ship and Offshore Structures Congress, Southampton, U.K., 20-25 August. |
22 | Longuet-Higgins, M.S. (1963),"The effects of non-linearities on statistical distributions in the theory of sea waves", J. Fluid Mech., 17(3), 459-480. DOI |
23 | Jonkman, J., Butterfield, S., Musial, W. and Scott, G. (2009), Definition of a 5-MW reference wind turbine for offshore system development, Technical Report NREL/TP-500-38060, National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL). |
24 | Jonkman, J. and Musial, W. (2010), Offshore Code Comparison Collaboration (OC3) for IEA Task 23 Offshore Wind Technology and Deployment, Technical Report NREL/TP-5000-48191, December 2010. |
25 | Lozano-Minguez, E., Kolios, A.J. and Brennan, F.P. (2011), "Multi-criteria assessment of offshore wind turbine support structures", Renew. Energ., 36(11), 2831-2837. DOI ScienceOn |
26 | Manwell, J.F., McGowan, J.G. and Rogers, A.L. (2010), Wind energy explained: theory, design and application, 2nd Ed., Chichester: John Wiley & Sons. |
27 | Matsuiski, M. and Endo, T. (1969), Fatigue of metals subjected to varying stress, Japan Soc. Mech., England. |
28 | Petrini, F., Li, H. and Bontempi, F. (2010), "Basis of design and numerical modeling of offshore wind turbines", Struct. Eng. Mech., 36(5), 599-624. DOI |
29 | Phillips, O.M. (1967), "The theory of wind generated waves", Adv. Hydrosci., 4, 119-149. DOI |
30 | Sarpkaya, T. and Isaacson, M. (1981), Mechanics of wave forces on offshore structures, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company. |
31 | Spanos, P.D. and Zeldin, B.A. (1998),"Monte Carlo treatment of random fields: A broad perspective", Appl. Mech. Rev., 51(3). |
32 | Shinozuka, M. and Deodatis, G. (1988), "Stochastic process models for earthquake ground motion", Probabilist. Eng.Mech, 3(3), 114-123. DOI |
33 | Song, H., Robertson, A., Jonkman, J. and Sewell, D. (2012), "Incorporation of multi-member substructure capabilities in FAST for analysis of offshore wind turbines", Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference, Houston, Texas, April 30 - May 3. |
34 | Song, H., Damiani, R., Robertson, A. and Jonkman, J. (2013), "A new structural dynamics module for offshore multimember substructure within the wind turbine computer-aided engineering tool fast", Proceedings of the 23rd International Ocean, Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference (ISOPE), Anchorage, Alaska, June 30-July 5. |
35 | Subroto, H., Narold, R., van Gilst, R., Kooijman, H.J. and Peeringa, J.M. (2006), "Bottom founded steel support structure for offshore wind turbines in deeper waters of North Sea", Proceedings of the European Wind Energy Conference and Exhibition (EWEC), Athens , 27 February - 2 March. |
36 | Sutherland, H.J. (1999), On the fatigue analysis of wind turbines, Report no. SAND99-0089, Sandia National Laboratories. |
37 | Van der Tempel, J. (2006), Design of support structures for offshore wind turbines, Report no. 2006.029, Delft University Wind Energy Research Institute (DUWIND). |
38 | Di Paola, M. and Failla, G. (2002), "Stochastic response of offshore structures by a new approach to statistical cubicization", J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 124, 6-13. DOI |
39 | Van der Tempel, J. and Molenaar, D.P. (2002), "Wind turbine structural dynamics - A review of the principles for modern power generation, onshore and offshore", Wind Eng., 26(4), 211-220. DOI ScienceOn |
40 | Zaaijer, M.B. (2006), "Foundation modelling to assess dynamic behaviour of offshore wind turbines", Appl. Ocean Res., 28(1), 45-57. DOI ScienceOn |
41 | Thomsen, K. (1998), The statistical variation of wind turbine fatigue loads, Report Riso-R-1063(EN), Riso National Laboratory, Denmark. |
42 | Kuhn, M. (2001), Dynamics and design optimisation of offshore wind energy conversion systems, Report no. 2001.002, Delft University Wind Energy Research Institute (DUWIND). |
43 | Zaaijer, M.B. (2009), "Review of knowledge development for the design of offshore wind energy technology", Wind Energy, 12(5), 411-430. DOI |