Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12989/sem.2020.76.2.251

Critical seismic incidence angle of transmission tower based on shaking table tests  

Tian, Li (School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University)
Dong, Xu (School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University)
Pan, Haiyang (School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University)
Gao, Guodong (School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University)
Xin, Aiqiang (School of Civil Engineering, Shandong University)
Publication Information
Structural Engineering and Mechanics / v.76, no.2, 2020 , pp. 251-267 More about this Journal
Abstract
Transmission tower-line systems have come to represent one of the most important infrastructures in today's society. Recent strong earthquakes revealed that transmission tower-line systems are vulnerable to earthquake excitations, and that ground motions may arrive at such structures from any direction during an earthquake event. Considering these premises, this paper presents experimental and numerical studies on the dynamic responses of a 1000 kV ultrahigh-voltage (UHV) transmission tower-line system under different seismic incidence angles. Specifically, a 1:25 reduced-scale experimental prototype model is designed and manufactured, and a series of shaking table tests are carried out. The influence of the seismic incidence angle on the dynamic structural response is discussed based on the experimental data. Additionally, the incidence angles corresponding to the maximum peak displacement of the top of the tower relative to the ground (referred to herein as the critical seismic incidence angles) are summarized. The experimental results demonstrate that seismic incidence angle has a significant influence on the dynamic responses of transmission tower-line systems. Subsequently, an approximation method is employed to orient the critical seismic incidence angle, and a corresponding finite element (FE) analysis is carried out. The angles obtained from the approximation method are compared with those acquired from the numerical simulation and shaking table tests, and good agreement is observed. The results demonstrate that the approximation method can properly predict the critical seismic incidence angles of transmission tower-line systems. This research enriches the available experimental data and provides a simple and convenient method to assess the seismic performance of UHV transmission systems.
Keywords
UHV transmission tower-line system; reduced-scale model; shaking table test; critical seismic incidence angle; approximation method;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Wu, G., Zhai, C.H., Li, S. and Xie, L.L. (2014), "Effects of near-fault ground motions and equivalent pulses on Large Crossing Transmission Tower-line System", Eng. Struct., 77, 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2014.08.013.   DOI
2 Wang, C., Feng, K.R., Zhang, H. and Li, Q.W. (2019), "Seismic performance assessment of electric power systems subjected to spatially correlated earthquake excitations", Struct. Infrastruct. E., 15(3), 351-361. https://doi.org/10.1080/15732479.2018.1547766.   DOI
3 Xie, Q., Cai Y.Z. and Xue, S.T. (2017), "Wind-induced vibration of UHV transmission tower line system: Wind tunnel test on aero-elastic model", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 171, 219-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2017.10.011.   DOI
4 Yang, S.C., Liu, T.J. and Hong, H.P. (2017), "Reliability of tower and tower-line systems under spatiotemporally varying wind or earthquake loads", J. Struct. Eng., 143(10), 04017137. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0001835.   DOI
5 Zhang, M.Z. (2010), "Study on similitude laws for shaking table tests", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 17(2), 52-58. (In Chinese)
6 Zhao, B. and Taucer, F. (2010), "Performance of infrastructure during the May 12, 2008 Wenchuan earthquake in China", J. Earthq. Eng., 14(4), 578-600. https://doi.org/10.1080/13632460903274053.   DOI
7 Zhang, P., Song, G.B., Li, H.N. and Lin, Y.X. (2013), "Seismic control of power transmission tower using pounding TMD", J. Eng. Mech., 139(10), 1395-1406. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)EM.1943-7889.0000576.   DOI
8 Zheng, H.D., Fan, J. and Long, X.H. (2017), "Analysis of the seismic collapse of a high-rise power transmission tower structure", J. Constr. Steel Res., 134, 180-193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2017.03.005.   DOI
9 Asgarian, B., Eslamlou, S.D., Zaghi, A.E. and Mehr, M. (2016), "Progressive collapse analysis of power transmission towers", J. Constr. Steel Res., 123, 31-40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2016.04.021.   DOI
10 Bai, F.L., Hao, H., Bi, K.M. and Li, H.N. (2011), "Seismic response analysis of transmission tower-line system on a heterogeneous site to multi-component spatial ground motions", Adv. Struct. Eng., 286(3), 565-585. https://doi.org/10.1260/1369-4332.14.3.457.
11 Smeby, W. and Der Kiureghian, A. (1985), "Modal combination rules for multicomponent earthquake excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 13(1), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.4290130103.   DOI
12 Kuyumcu, Z. and Ates, S. (2012), "Soil-structure-foundation effects on stochastic response analysis of cable-stayed bridges". Struct. Eng. Mech., 43(5), 637-655. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2012.43.5.637.   DOI
13 Lopez, O.A., Chopra, A.K. and Hernandez, J.J. (2000), "Critical response of structures to multicomponent earthquake excitation", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 29(12), 1759-1778. https://doi.org/10.1002/1096-9845(200012)29:12<1759::AID-EQE984>3.0.CO;2-K.   DOI
14 Pan, H.Y., Tian, L., Fu, X., and Li, H.N. (2020), "Sensitivities of the seismic response and fragility estimate of a transmission tower to structural and ground motion uncertainties", J. Constr. Steel Res., 167, 105941. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2020.105941   DOI
15 Rao, N.P., Knight, G.M.S., Mohan, S.J. and Lakshmanan, N. (2011), "Studies on failure of transmission line towers in testing", Eng. Struct., 35, 55-70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2011.10.017.   DOI
16 Roy, A., Santra, A. and Roy, R. (2018), "Estimating seismic response under bi-directional shaking per uni-directional analysis: Identification of preferred angle of incidence", Soil. Dyn. Earthq. Eng., 106, 163-181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soildyn.2017.12.022.   DOI
17 Sedov, L.I. (2018), Similarity and dimensional methods in mechanics, CRC press, Boca Raton, USA. https://doi.org/10.1201/9780203739730.
18 Thai, H.T. and Kim, S.E. (2011), "Nonlinear inelastic time-history analysis of truss structures", J. Constr. Steel Res., 67(12), 1966-1972. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2011.06.015.   DOI
19 Torbol, M. and Shinozuka, M. (2012), "Effect of the angle of seismic incidence on the fragility curves of bridges", Earthq. Eng. Struct. D., 41(14), 2111-2124. https://doi.org/10.1002/eqe.2197.   DOI
20 Tian, L., Gai, X. and Qu, B. (2017a), "Shake table tests of steel towers supporting extremely long-span electricity transmission lines under spatially correlated ground motions", Eng. Struct., 132: 791-807. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2016.11.068   DOI
21 Chai, Y.B., Gong, Z.X. and Li, W. and Zhang, Q. (2017), "A smoothed finite element method for exterior Helmholtz equation in two dimensions", Eng. Anal. Bound. Elem., 84, 237-252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enganabound.2017.09.006.   DOI
22 Albermani, F., Kitipornchai, S. and Chan, R.W.K. (2009), "Failure analysis of transmission towers", Eng. Fail. Anal., 16(6), 1922-1928. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2008.10.001.   DOI
23 Cantagallo, C., Camata, G. and Spacone, E. (2012), "The effect of the earthquake incidence angle on seismic demand of reinforced concrete structures", In Proceedings of the 15th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, 24-28.
24 Eslamlou, S.D. and Asgarian, B. (2017), "Determining critical areas of transmission towers due to sudden removal of members", Case Stud. Eng. Fail. Anal., 9, 138-147. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.csefa.2015.09.005.   DOI
25 Feng, Y.T. and Li, M.R. (1991), "Elastic earthquake response analysis for complex structures", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 11, 77- 86. (In Chinese)
26 Fu, X., Li, H. N., Li, G. and Dong, Z. Q. (2020), "Fragility analysis of a transmission tower under combined wind and rain loads", J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerod., 199, 104098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jweia.2020.104098   DOI
27 Ghobarah, A., Aziz, T.S. and El-Attar, M. (1996), "Response of transmission lines to multiple support excitation", Eng. Struct., 18(12), 936-946. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0141-0296(96)00020-X.   DOI
28 GB50011-2010 (2010), Code for seismic design of building. China Architecture & Building Press, Beijing, China. (In Chinese)
29 Kotsubo, S., Takanishi, T., Uno, K. and Sonoda, T. (1985), "Dynamic tests and seismic analysis of high towers of electrical transmission line", Transactions of the Japan society of civil engineers, 15, 72-75.
30 Li, H.N., Shi, W.L., Wang, G.X. and Jia, L.G. (2005), "Simplified models and experimental verification for coupled transmission tower-line system to seismic excitations", J. Sound. Vib., 286(3), 569-585. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsv.2004.10.009.   DOI
31 Lei, Y. H. and Chien, Y. L. (2009), "Seismic analysis of transmission towers under various line configurations", Struct. Eng. Mech., 31(3), 241-264. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2009.31.3.241.   DOI
32 Lu, X.L., Chen, Y. and Mao, Y.J. (2012), "Shaking table model test and numerical analysis of a supertall building with high-level transfer storey", Struct. Des. Tall Spec., 21(10), 699-723. https://doi.org/10.1002/tal.63.   DOI
33 Menun, C. and Der Kiureghian, A. (1998), "A replacement for the 30%, 40%, and SRSS rules for multicomponent seismic analysis", Earthq. Spectra., 14(1), 153-163. https://doi.org/10.1193/1.1585993.   DOI
34 Magliulo, G., Maddaloni, G. and Petrone, C. (2014), "Influence of earthquake direction on the seismic response of irregular plan RC frame buildings", Earthq. Eng. Eng. Vib., 13(2), 243-256. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11803-014-0227-z.   DOI
35 Mahmoudabadi, V., Bahar, O., Jafari, M. K. and Safiey, A. (2019), "Dynamic identification of soil-structure system designed by direct displacement-based method for different site conditions", Struct. Eng. Mech., 71(4), 445-458. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.71.4.445.   DOI
36 Ozono, S., Maeda, J. and Makino, M. (1988), "Characteristics of in-plane free vibration of transmission line system", Eng. Struct., 10(4), 272-280. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(88)90049-1.   DOI
37 Tian, L., Pan, H.Y. and Ma, R.S. (2019a), "Probabilistic seismic demand model and fragility analysis of transmission tower subjected to near-field ground motions", J. Constr. Steel Res., 156, 266-275. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcsr.2019.02.011.   DOI
38 Ozono, S. and Maeda, J. (1992), "In-plane dynamic interaction between a tower and conductors at lower frequencies", Eng. Struct., 14(4), 210-216. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-0296(92)90009-F.   DOI
39 Tian, L., Ma, R.S. and Qu, B. (2017b), "Seismic performance of electricity transmission towers under ground motions compatible with IEEE 693 required response spectrum", Technical Rep. No. 2017-1, School of Civil Engineering, Shandong Univ., Jinan, China. (In Chinese)
40 Tian, L., Yi, S.Y. and Qu, B. (2018), "Orienting Ground Motion Inputs to Achieve Maximum Seismic Displacement Demands on Electricity Transmission Towers in Near-Fault Regions", J. Struct. Eng., 144(4), 04018017. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)ST.1943-541X.0002000.   DOI
41 Tian, L., Fu, Z.Y., Pan, H.Y., Ma, R.S. and Liu, Y.P. (2019b), "Experimental and numerical study on the collapse failure of long span transmission tower-line systems subjected to extremely severe earthquakes", Earthq. Struct., 16(5), 513-522. https://doi.org/10.12989/eas.2019.16.5.513.   DOI
42 Tian, L., Pan, H.Y., Ma, R.S. and Dong, X. (2019c), "Seismic failure analysis and safety assessment of an extremely long-span transmission tower-line system", Struct. Eng. Mech., 71(3), 305-315. https://doi.org/10.12989/sem.2019.71.3.305.   DOI
43 Tian, L., Pan, H.Y., Ma, R.S., Zhang, L.J. and Liu, Z.W. (2019d), "Full-scale test and numerical failure analysis of a latticed steel tubular transmission tower", Eng. Struct., 109919. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.engstruct.2019.109919.
44 Tian L., Zhang X. and Fu X. (2020), "Collapse fragility analysis of an extremely long-span transmission tower-line system under wind load", Adv. Struct. Eng., https://doi.org/10.1177/1369433220903983.