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Evaluation of Renal Oxygenation in Normal Korean Volunteers Using 3.0 T Blood Oxygen Level-Dependent MRI  

Hwang, Sung Il (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
Lee, Hak Jong (Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
Chin, Ho Jun (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
Chae, Dong-Wan (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
Na, Ki Young (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
Publication Information
Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging / v.17, no.1, 2013 , pp. 19-25 More about this Journal
Abstract
Purpose : Renal blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) MRI has been used in the evaluation of renal oxygenation. We tried to provide the normal $R2^*$ value of the human kidney with 3.0 T, and evaluated the differences in $R2^*$ values according to gender and location. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four healthy volunteers underwent BOLD MRI at 3.0 T. Multi gradient echo-echo planar imaging sequence with seventeen echoes was used. After generation of the $T2^*$ map, the $R2^*$ was calculated. The statistical differences in $R2^*$ values between the cortex and medulla, males and females, and the right and left kidney were analyzed. The regional differences of $R2^*$ within the both kidneys were evaluated respectively. Results: BOLD MRI was successful in all participants. No gross artifact interfered with $R2^*$ measurement. The mean $R2^*$ at 3.0 T was $17.1{\pm}2.60s^{-1}$ in the cortex and $27.7{\pm}4.83s^{-1}$ in the medulla (p < 0.001). The $R2^*$ value in the medulla was significantly higher in the male than female volunteers (p = 0.025). There were no statistical differences of $R2^*$ according to the side and location in the kidney (p = 0.197). Conclusion: Renal BOLD MRI can be efficiently performed with 3.0 T MRI. Renal medullary hypoxia is present in normal volunteers. Our results may be used as reference values in the evaluation of pathologic conditions using BOLD MRI.
Keywords
Blood oxygen level-dependent MRI; Kidney; Normal;
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