Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/JESI.2014.23.2.239

Effect of Organic Fertilizer Application depends on Soil Depths on the Growth of Spiraea bumalda 'Gold Mound' in a Extensive Green Roof System  

Ju, Jin-Hee (Department of Green Technology Convergence, Konkuk University)
Gu, Eun-Pyung (Department of Green Technology Convergence, Konkuk University)
Yoon, Yong-Han (Department of Green Technology Convergence, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of Environmental Science International / v.23, no.2, 2014 , pp. 239-248 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of soil depths and soil organic fertilizer application on the growth characteristics of Spiraea bumalda 'Gold Mound' in a extensive green roof system. The treatments were 3 soil depths (10, 15 and 25 cm) and 5 soil types in mixture of artificial soil and organic fertilizer. We measured plant height, leaf width, leaf length, number of flowers, visual quality and survival rate from March to October in 2011. The growing medium of 10 cm soil depth showed the highest plant growth in $A_1$ (amended soil 100%), and the lowest plant growth in $O_1A_4$ (organic fertilizer 20% + amended soil 80%) treatment. In case of 15 cm soil depth, Spiraea bumalda 'Gold Mound' showed a high leaf length and visual quality in $O_1A_2$(organic fertilizer 33% + amended soil 67%) treatment and high leaf width and number of flowers in $O_1$ (organic fertilizer 100%) treatment. $A_1$ treatment without organic fertilizer showed the lowest leaf length and poorest visual quality, and $O_1A_4$ treatment showed the lowest plant height and lowest number of flowers. At soil depth 25 cm, $O_1A_1$ (organic fertilizer 50% + amended soil 50%) treatment showed greater plant height, visual quality and number of flowers than other treatments. The leaf length and leaf width were more effective in $O_1$ treatment. $A_1$ treatment showed a relatively low leaf length, leaf width and visual quality. The higher the organic conditioner, the better the plant growth. And, survival rates of Spiraea bumalda 'Gold Mound' showed 92%, 88% and 76% at soil depths of 25 cm, 15 cm and 10 cm, respectively, in this a extensive green roof system. Therefore, the results showed that the growth of Spiraea bumalda 'Gold Mound' was affected by both soil quality and soil depth. Different optimal mixtures of organic fertilizer and amended soil were determined, depending upon soil depth.
Keywords
Green building; Green technology; Moisture utilization efficiency; Rainwater utilization;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 22  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Zhao, H. X., Kang, T. H., 2013, Drought resistance assessment of ground cover plants for low management and light weight green roof system, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 16, 83-97.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Zhiqun, H., Peter, W. C., Murray, R. D., Yusheng, Y., 2011, Impact of plantation forest management on soil organic matter quality. J. Soils Sediments, 11, 1309-1316.   DOI
3 Clark, M. J., Youbin, Z., 2012, Evaluating fertilizer influence on overwintering survival and growth of Sedum species in a fall-installed green Roof. HortScience 47, 1775-1781.
4 Cho, Y. Y., 2008, Soil depth affects the growth of lettuce and chicory in extensive green roofs. Hort. Environ. Biotechnol., 49, 434-438.
5 Dunnett, N. P., Kingsbury, N., 2004, Planting Green Roofs and Living Walls. Portland; Timber Press.
6 Erica, O., Jeremy, L., Brad, B., Reid, R. C., Hitesh, D., Nigel, D., Stuart, G., Manfred, K., Karen, K. Y., Bradley, R., 2007, Green roofs as urban ecosystems; ecological structures, functions, and services. BioScience, 57, 823-833.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Eo, Y. J., Kim, S. K., Kim, D. Y., Kim, D. W., Jang, S. W., 2007, Change of soil water and fertilizer in the extensive green roof, Proceedings of the Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture Conference, 66-70.
8 Farrell, C., Ang, X. Q., Rayner, J. P., 2013, Waterretention additives increase plant available water in green roof substrates. Ecological Engineering, 52, 112-118.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Ju, J. H., Kim, W. T., Choi, W. Y., Yoon, Y. H., 2010, Evaluation on adaptation of Zoysia japonica as effceted by different green roof system under rainfed condition, Journal of the Environmental Science, 19, 1137-1142.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Ju, J. H., Kim, W. T., Yoon, Y. H., 2011, Change in growth of Chrysanthemum zawadskii var. coreanum as effected by different green roof system under rainfed condition, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 39, 117-123.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Ju, J. H., Kim, H. R., Yoon, Y. H., 2011, Effect of organic fertilizer ratios on the growth of Spiraea ${\times}$ bumalda 'Gold Mound' in the container green wall system with rainwater utilization, Journal of the Environmental Science, 20, 1417-1423.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Ju, J. H., Yoon, Y. H., 2012, Effect of organic matter ratios in substrate and mulching materials on growth of Liatris spicata under non-irrigated green roofs, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 40, 130-137.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Huh, K. Y., Kim, I. H., Kang, H. C., 2003, Effects of artificial substrate type, soil depth, and drainage type on the growth of Sedum sarmentosum grown in a shallow rooftop system, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 31, 102-112.   과학기술학회마을
14 Ju, J. H., Yang, J., Yoon, Y. H., 2012, Utility of hydrophilic polymer for green technology developmet in green roofs using rainwater, Journal of the Environmental Science, 21, 1469-1476.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Ha, Y. M., Kim, D. Y., Gu, K. H., Hwang, D. K., Park, H. R., Yun, S. J., 2011, Rooftop vegetable garden for green roof system, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 14, 77-88.   과학기술학회마을
16 Kim, M. H., Bang, K. J., Ju, J. H., Han, S. W., 2003, Effects of light-weight soil mixture and depth on the three native plants in extensive roof garden, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 31, 101-107.   과학기술학회마을
17 Heinze, W., 1985, Results of an experiment on extensive growth of vegetation on roofs. Rasen Grunflachen Begiunungen, 16, 80-88.
18 Kang, K. Y., Lee, E. H., 2005, The study on native plants and planting soil for extensive rooftop greening, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 8, 23-31.   과학기술학회마을
19 Kang, T. H., Zhao, H. X., Li, H., Kang, S. H., 2012, Roof greening applied a sallow green roof module system out of management, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 40, 91-98.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kim, Y. S., 2007, The change of plant growth and media by genus Sedum in a less intensive and light weight rooftop afforestation system, Flower Research Journal, 15, 169-173.
21 Kim, I. H., Huh, K. Y., Shin, H. C., Park, N. C., 2010b, Assessment of plant growth and soil properties of extensive green roof system for Rhododendron indicum Sweet, Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology, 28, 1057-1065.   과학기술학회마을
22 Kim, I. H., Huh, K. Y., 2003, Growth characteristics of Sedum oryzifolium in extensive green roof systems, Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technology, 21, 346-352.   과학기술학회마을
23 Kim, I. H., Huh, M. R., Huh, K. Y., 2005, Studies on growth characteristics and shallow green-roof systems of Sedum album L. introduced in Korea, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 33, 69-82.   과학기술학회마을
24 Lee, E. Y., Moon, S. K., 1999, Effects of several soil medias on the plant growth in artificial planting ground, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 2, 18-24.   과학기술학회마을
25 Kim, I. H., Huh, K. Y., Huh, M. R., 2010a, Cold tolerance assessment of Sedum species for shallow-extensive green roof system, Korean Journal of Horticultural Science & Technolgy, 28, 22-30.   과학기술학회마을
26 Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 2013, Standard of landscape architecture design, The Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 422-427.
27 Koo, J. M., Kim, K. R., Park, H. G., 2001, A Study on the engineering characteristic of organic mixted soil, Proceedings of the Journal of Civil Engineering Conference, 2955-2958.
28 Lee, E. Y., Moon, S, K., 2000, Effects of drainage types of soil media on the plant growing in rooftop planting, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 3, 11-21.   과학기술학회마을
29 Nagase, A., Dunnett, N., 2010, Drought tolerance in different vegetation types for extensive green roofs: effects of watering and diversity, Landscape and Urban Planning, 97(4), 318-327.   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Lee, E. H., Cho, E. J., Park, M. Y., Kim, D. W., Jang, S. W., 2007, Selecting plants for the extensive rooftop greening based on herbal plants, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 10, 84-96.   과학기술학회마을
31 Monterusso, M. A., Rowe, D. B., Rugh, C. I., 2005, Establishment and persistence of Sedum spp. and native taxa for green applications. HortScience, 40, 391-396.
32 Park, G. H., Ju, J. H., Yoon, Y. H., 2010, Effect on the growth of Pllioblastus pygmaed and soil characteristics as affected by difference of soil thickness and soil mixture ratio in the shallow-extensive green roof module system, Journal of the Environmental Science, 19, 871-877.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Moon, S. K., Lee, E. Y., Guak, M. K., 2002, A study on selection of wild plants for the rooftop revegetation, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 5, 31-39.   과학기술학회마을
34 Nardini, A., Andri. S., Crasso, M., 2012, Influence of substrate depth and vegetation type on temperature and water runoff mitigation by extensive green roofs; shrubs versus herbaceous plant. Urban Ecosystems 15, 697-708.   DOI
35 Park, J. S., Ju, J. H., Kim, W. T., Yoon, Y. H., 2010, Application analysis of Vitex rotundifolia by difference of the shallow-extensive green roof system, Journal of the Korean Environmental Restoration Technology, 13, 10-17.   과학기술학회마을
36 Rural Development Administration, 2000, Analysis method of soil and plant, National Academy of Agricultural Science.
37 Seoul, 2004, Guideline of biotope area factor application for urban planning, Urban Seoul.
38 Smith, R. M., Thompson, K., Hodgson, J. G., Warren, P. H., Gaston, K. J., 2006, Urban domestic gardens(IX): Compositions and richness of the vascular plant flora, and implication for native biodiversity. Biological Conservation, 129, 312-322.   DOI   ScienceOn
39 VanWoert, N. D. Rowe, D. B., Andresen, J. A., Rugh, C. L., Xiao, J., 2005, Watering regime and green roof substrate design impact Sedum plant growth. HortScience, 40, 659-664.
40 Uhm, M. J., Noh, J. J., Chon, H. G., Kwon, S. W., Song, Y. J., 2012, Application effect of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer on the watermelon growth and soil chemical properties in greenhouse, Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture, 31, 1-8.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
41 Whittinghill, L. J., Rowe, D. B., Cregg, B. M., 2013, Evaluation of vegetable production on extensive green roofs. Agroecology & Sustainable Food Systems, 37, 465-484.   DOI
42 Yun, B. K., Jung, P. K., Oh, S. J., Kim, S. K., Ryu, I. S., 1996, Effects of compost application on soil loss and physico-chemical properties in lysimeters, Journal Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer, 29, 336-341.
43 Yan, Y. Q., Che, D. D., Shi, X. C., Liu, X. L., 2011, Effect of salt-alkali stress on active oxygen metabolism in roots of Spiraea${\times}$bumalda 'Gold Mound' and Spiraea${\times}$bumalda 'Gold Flame'. Journal of Forestry Research, 22, 59-64.   DOI
44 Zhao, H. X., Son, H. J., Kang, T. H., 2013, Hot tolerance assessment of Sedum spp. for extensive green roof system, Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture, 40, 180-189.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn