[KSCI] Korea Science Citation Index Service

http://dx.doi.org/10.5322/JES.2010.19.1.009

A Fuel Feasibility Study of Sewage Sludge by Melting of Thermoplastic Polyethylene

Lee, Byeong-Kyu (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Ulsan)
Jeong, Wang-Seok (Taewha Environment Co. Ltd)

Publication Information

Journal of Environmental Science International / v.19, no.1, 2010 , pp. 9-16 More about this Journal

Abstract

This pilot study evaluated fueling feasibility of sewage sludge, which contains a large amount of water content, by applying melting of thermoplastic polyethylene (PE). This study has identified a simultaneous achievement of drying and heating value improvement of the sewage sludge. The sewage sludge collected from a sewage sludge treatment plant during a winter period had a water content of 83.7 wt%, a combustible volatile content of 12.5 wt%, and an ash content of 3.8 wt%. The higher heating value (HHV) of the dried sewage sludge, before impregnation or coating of PE, was 4,600 kcal/kg. The collected sewage sludge was immersed into the melted PE solution, which had a HHV of 11,070 kcal/kg, and kept immersing with increasing reaction time. As the reaction (immersing or coating or impregnation) time increased, the water content of the sludge decreased. However, the HHV of the sludge increased with increasing the reaction time. The HHVs of the sewage sludge immersed or dipped into the melted PE solution for 15 min ranged from 6,780 to 8,170 kcal/kg with water content less than 7 wt%. This result indicates the melted PE solution can be utilized as an improvement technology for dryness and heating value of the sewage sludge with high water content. The sewage sludge impregnated or coated with melted PE can be utilized as potential fuel or energy resources.

Keywords

Sewage sludge; Melted PE; Drying; Heating value; Water content; Fuel;

Citations & Related Records

Reference

1	Park K. T., B. R. Lym and S. K. Lee, 2008, An evaluation study of dewatering effect of urban sewage sludge by single and multi-injectiojn methods of polymer coagulants, 2008, In: proceedings of the 2008 Autumn Conference of the Korea Society of Waste Management, 280-283.
2	Zorpas A. A., D. Arapoglou and K. Panagiotis, 2003, Waste paper and clinoptilolite as a bulking material with dewatered anaerobically stabilized primary sewage sludge (DASPSS) for compost production, Waste Manag., 23(1), 27-35. DOI
3	McAuley B. J. Kunkel and S. E. Manahan, 2001, A new process for drying and gasification of sewage sludge, Water Eng. Manag., May, 18-23.
4	Allock H. R. and F. W. Lampe, 1981, In: Contemporary Polymer Chemistry, Prentice-Hall, inc., 423-447.
5	Elias H. G., 1977, In: Macromolecules 1: Structure and Properties, Plenum Press, 373-419.
6	Korea Ministry of Environment, 2009, Regulations on resources saving and recycling promotion, Amendments on July 13, 2009.
7	Malerius O. and J. Werther, 2003, Modelling the adsorption of mercury in the flue gas of sewage sludge incineration, Chem. Eng. J., 96, 197-205. DOI
8	Hsiau P. and S. Lo, 1998, Extractabilities of heavy metals in chemically-fixed sewage sludges, J. Hazard. Mater., 58, 73-82. DOI
9	Marrero T., B. McAuley, W. Sutterlin, S. Morris and S. Manahan, 2003, Fate of heavy metals and radioactive metals in gasification of sewage sludge, Waste Manag., 24, 193-198. DOI
10	Stasta P., J. Boran, L. Bebar, P. Stehlik and J. Oral, 2006, Thermal processing of sewage sludge, Appl. Therm. Eng., 26, 1420-1426. DOI
11	Minimi G., R. D. B. Zuccarello, V. Lotito, L. Spinosa and A. C. D Pinto, 1997, A design model of sewage sludge incineration plants with energy recovery, Water Sci. Technol. 36(11), 211-218. DOI
12	Shinogi Y. and Y. Kanri, 2003, Pyrolysis of plant, animal and human waste: physical and chemical characterisation of pyrolytic products, Bioresourc. Technol., 90, 241-247. DOI
13	Werther J. and T. Ogada, 1999, Sewage sludge combustion, Progr. Energy Combus. Sci., 25, 55-116. DOI
14	Hein K. R. G. and J. M. Bemtgen, 1998, EU clean technology-co-combustion of coal and biomass, Fuel Proc. Technol., 54, 159-169. DOI
15	Shen L. and D. K. Zhang, 2002, An experimental study of oil recovery from sewage sludge by low-temperature pyrolysis in a fluidised-bed, Fuel, 82, 465-472. DOI
16	Conesa J. A., R. Font, A. Marcilla and J. A. Caballero, 1997, Kinetic model for the continues pyrolysis of two types of polyethylene in a fluidized bed reactor, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 40-41, 419-431. DOI
17	Lundin M., M. Olofsson, G. Pettersson and H. Zetterlund, 2004, Environmental and economic assessment of sewage sludge handling options, Resourc. Conserv. Recycl., 41, 255-278. DOI
18	Bridle T. and S. D. Skrypski-Mantele, 2000, Assessment of sludge reuse options: a life-cycle approach. Water Sci. Technol., 41(8), 131-135.
19	Campbell H. W., 2000, Sludge management future issues and trends. Water Sci. Technol., 41, 1-8.
20	Suh Y. J. and P. Rousseaux, 2002, An LCA of alternative wastewater sludge treatment scenarios. Resourc. Conserv. Recycl., 35, 191-200. DOI
21	Fytili D. and A. Zabaniotou, 2008, Utilization of sewage sludge in EU application of old and new methods-A review, Ren. Sust. Energy Rev., 12, 116-140. DOI
22	Alvarez E. A., M. C. Mochon, J. J. Sanchez and M. T. Rodriguez, 2002, Heavy metal extractable forms in sludge from wastewater treatment plants, Chemosphere, 47, 765-775. DOI
23	Park W. K., 1994, Countermeasures for the amendment of the London convention: focused on ocean dumping of industrial waste, Korean Environ. Inst. (KEI) report, 1-219.
24	Lee B. K. and T. Dong, 2009, Analysis of Potential RDF Resources from Solid waste and Their Energy values in the largest Industrial City of Korea, Waste Manag. 29, 1725-1731. DOI
25	Fuentes A., M. Llorens, J. Saez, A. Soler, M. Aguilar and F. Ortuno, 2004, Phytotoxicity and heavy metals speciation of stabilised sewage sludges, J. of Hazard. Mater., 108, 161-169. DOI
26	Merrington G., l. Oliver, R. J. Smernik and M. J. McLaughlin, 2003, The influence of sewage sludge properties on sludge-borne metal availability, Advan. Environ. Res., 8, 21-36. DOI
27	National Institute of Environmental Institute and Korea Environmental and Resources Corporation, 2008, 2007 National Generation and Disposal of Wastes in Korea, 11-1480523-000003-10, 1-758.
28	Michalova M., 2002, Sludge Handling in Czech Republic, Conference Sludge and Wastes 2002, Brno, Czech Republic (in Czech).
29	Kim K. S. and S. M. Lee, 2008, Management Strategy for the Prohibition of ocean Dumping of Sewage Sludge, Res. Seoul Other Cities, 9(3), 3-21.
30	Korea Ministry of Maritime Affairs and Fisheries, 2002, Plans and Prospects of Ocean Dumping Prohibition of Sewage Sludge, J. Korea Organic Resourc. Recycl., 10(3), 13-16.
31	European Commission, DG Environment, 2001, Disposal and Recycling Routes for Sewage Sludge, Part 2-Regulatory Report, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1-65.
32	European Commission, DG Environment, 2001, Disposal and Recycling Routes for Sewage Sludge, Part 3-Scientific and Technical Report, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 1-72.
33	European Commission, DG Environment-B/2, 2002, Disposal and recycling routes for sewage sludge. Synthesis report, 2002.