Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7734/COSEIK.2021.34.1.1

Study on the Calculation of the Blast Pressure of Vapor Cloud Explosions by Analyzing Plant Explosion Cases  

Lee, Seung-Hoon (Department of Architecture, Konkuk University)
Kim, Han-Soo (Department of Architecture, Konkuk University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea / v.34, no.1, 2021 , pp. 1-8 More about this Journal
Abstract
Vapor cloud explosions show different characteristics from that caused by ordinary TNT explosives and their loading effect is similar to pressure waves. Typical methods used for blast pressure calculations are the TNT-equivalent method and multi-energy method. The TNT-equivalent method is based on shock waves, similar to a detonation phenomenon, and multi-energy method is based on pressure waves, similar to a deflagration phenomenon. This study was conducted to derive an appropriate blast pressure by applying various plant explosion cases. SDOF analysis and nonlinear dynamic analysis were performed to compare the degree of deformation and damage of the selected structural members for the explosion cases. The results indicated that the multi-energy method was more exact than the TNT-equivalent method in predicting the blast pressure of vapor cloud explosions. The blast pressure of vapor cloud explosion in plants can be more accurately calculated by assuming the charge strength of multi-energy method as 7 or 8.
Keywords
plant; vapor cloud explosion; blast pressure; TNT-equivalent method; multi-energy method;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Alonso, F.D., Ferradas, E.G., Perez, J.F.S., Aznar, A.M., Gimeno, J.R. (2006) Characteristic Overpressure-Impulse-Distance curves for Vapour Cloud Explosions Using the TNO Multi-Energy Model, J. Haz. Mater., 137(2), pp.734-741.   DOI
2 ASCE (2010) Design of Blast-Resistant Buildings in Petrochemical Facilities, American Society of Civil Engineers, Virginia, p.300.
3 Assael, M.J., Kakosimos, K.E. (2010) Fires, Explosions, and Toxic Gas Dispersions, CRC press, New York, p.346.
4 Autodyn (2005) Autodyn Theory Manual Revision 4.3, Century Dynamics, p.235.
5 CCPS (1996) Guidelines for Evaluating Process Plant Buildings for External Explosions and Fires, CCPS, New York, p.189.
6 CPR14E (2005) Methods for the Calculation of Physical Effects, TNO, Netherlands, p.870.
7 Jacques, E., Lloyd, A., Saatcioglu, M. (2013) Predicting Reinforced Concrete Response to Blast Loads, Canadian J. Civ. Eng., 40(5), pp.427-444.   DOI
8 Kim, H.S., Ahn, H.S., Ahn, J.G. (2014) Erosion Criteria for the Blast Analysis of Reinforcement Concrete Members, J. Archit. Inst, Korea Struct. & Constr., 30(3), pp.21-28.   DOI
9 Mishra, K.B., Wehrstedt, K.-D., Krebs, H. (2014) Amuay Refinery Disaster: The Aftermaths and Challenges Ahead, Fuel Proc. Tech., 119, pp.198-203.   DOI
10 Ngo, T., Lumantarna, R., Whittaker, A., Mendis, P. (2015) Quantification of the Blast-Loading Parameters of Large-Scale Explosions, J. Struct. Eng., 141(10), pp.1-11.
11 PDC-TR 06-08 (2008) Single Degree of Freedom Structural Response Limits for Antiterrorism Design, US Army Corps of Engineers, p.35.
12 Rashid, Z.A., Alias, A.B., Hamid, K.H.K., Bani, M., Harbawi, M.E. (2015) Analysis the Effect of Explosion Efficiency in the TNT Equivalent Blast Explosion Model, ICGSCE 2014, pp.381-390.
13 RR512 (2007) Review of Significance of Societal Risk for Proposed Revision to Land Use Planning Arrangements for Large Scale Petroleum Storage Sites, Health and Safety Executive, p.40.
14 RR718 (2009) Buncefield Explosion Mechanism Phase 1, Health and Safety Executive, p.226.
15 RR1113 (2017) Review of Vapour Cloud Explosion Incidents, Health and Safety Executive, p.326.
16 Sharma, R.K., Gurjar, B.R., Wate, S.R., Ghuge, S.P., Agrawal, R. (2013) Assessment of an Accidental Vapour Cloud Explosion: Lessons from the Indian Oil Corporation Ltd. Accident at Jaipur, India, J. Loss Prev. Process. Ind., 26, pp.82-90.   DOI
17 UFC3-340-02 (2008) Structures to Resist the Effects of Accidental Explosions, DoD, p.1943.
18 Van den Berg, A.C. (1985) The multi-energy method: A Framework for Vapour Cloud Explosion Blast Prediction, J. Haz. Mater., 12(1), pp.1-10.   DOI
19 Weidlinger (2009) Characterising the Response of Reinforced Concrete Cladding Panels to Vapour Cloud Explosions, Weidlinger Associates Ltd, p.66.
20 Zhu, R., Li, X., Hu, X., Hu, D. (2020) Risk Analysis of Chemical Plant Explosion Accidents Based on Bayesian Network, Sustainability, 12(1), pp.1-20.   DOI