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Population Trends of Wintering Ducks in Korea  

Choi, Yu-Seong (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Hur, Wee-Haeng (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kim, Sung-Hyun (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kang, Seung-Gu (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kim, Jin-Han (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Kim, Hwa-Jung (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Son, Jong-Seong (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Park, Jin-Young (National Institute of Environment Research)
Yi, Jeong-Yeon (National Institute of Environment Research)
Kim, Chang-Hoe (National Institute of Environment Research)
Kang, Jong-Hyun (National Institute of Environment Research)
Han, Sang-Hoon (National Institute of Biological Resources)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Ornithology / v.19, no.3, 2012 , pp. 185-200 More about this Journal
Abstract
We analyzed population trends of 16 duck species wintering in Korea during 14 years (1999-2012) using data from Winter Bird Census which were conducted annually by the Ministry of Environment. During the 14 years, nine species (Mallard Anas platyrhynchos, Spot-billed Duck A. poecilorhyncha, Northern Pintail A. acuta, Eurasian Teal A. crecca, Eurasian Wigeon A. penelope, Gadwall A. strepera, Mandarin Duck Aix galericulata, Common Pochard Aythya ferina, Smew Mergellus albellus) showed significant long-term declines, whereas six species (Falcated Duck Anas falcata, Northern Shoveler A. clypeata, Tufted Duck Aythya fuligula, Goldeneye Bucephala clangula, Red-breasted Merganser Mergus serrator, Common Merganser M. merganser) showed long-term increases. Greater Scaup (Aythya marila) showed uncertain trends. Most species that showed population declines were characterized as dabbling ducks, which were herbivorous and highly dependent on rice fields. Most of species that showed long-term population increases were characterized as diving ducks, which were omnivorous or carnivorous feeding mainly animal matters and rarely used rice fields. The annual change of each species were differed by habitat types. Mallard, Spot-billed Duck, Northern Pintail, Eurasian Teal, and Eurasian Wigeon had a sharp decline in reclaimed lakes. Gadwall showed a considerable decline in estuarine and riverine habitat, and Mandarin Duck exhibited a sharp decline in coastal habitat. Falcated Duck showed a marked increase in estuaries and rivers, and Northern Shoveler increased significantly in reservoirs and rivers. Common Pochard showed a significant decline in riverine and coastal habitat, while Smew showed a decline in reclaimed lake. Tufted Duck exhibited large increases in rivers and reservoirs, and Goldeneye showed marked increases in reclaimed lakes and estuaries. Red-breasted Merganser and Common Merganser increased in coastal and estuarine habitat, and Common Merganser also increased in rivers.
Keywords
Dabbling ducks; Diving ducks; Population trend; Winter Bird Census; Wintering population;
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