Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2022.35.2.362

Fragrance Pattern and Volatile Components According to Floral Organs in Cymbidium  

Kim, Yae Jin (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
Ahn, Myung Suk (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
Lee, Su Young (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
Park, Pil Man (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
An, Hye Ryun (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
Park, Pue Hee (Floriculture Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Resources / v.35, no.2, 2022 , pp. 362-371 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted to analyze the fragrance characteristics of Cymbidium 'Saelbit' and 'Midan' according to floral organs. As test materials, full bloom flowers were divided into four organs: sepal, petal, labellum, and column. Using the gas chromatography (GC) based electronic nose, fragrance patterns, intensity, and volatile components were analyzed. Principle component analysis (PCA) and discriminant factorial analysis (DFA) plots by electronic nose data showed that volatiles of both cultivars have a distinct difference in fragrance patterns according to the floral organs, and the value of fragrance distance and pattern discrimination index (PDI) between samples was significantly high between control and sepals in both cultivars. Among the main fragrance components, several components including nootkatone were detected in both cultivars and all floral organs. However, few components such as decane were found in specific cultivar or floral organs. These results will provide useful information to select suitable materials with desired fragrance and to enhance the utilization of domestic Cymbidium cultivars. In addition, considering the recent negative perception of artificial ingredients and the growing demand for natural materials, continuous researches on scent properties of promising cultivars are required.
Keywords
Cultivars; Cymbidium; E-nose; Floral organs; Fragrance;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Dudareva, N. and E. Pichersky. 2006. Biology of floral scent. Taylor & Francis Group. Boca Raton. FL (USA). p. 346.
2 Been, C.G., S.B. Kang, D.G. Kim and Y.J. Cha. 2014. Analysis of fragrant compounds and gene expression in fragrant Phalaenopsis. Flower Res. J. 22:255-263 (in Korean).   DOI
3 Bergstrom, G., G. Birgersson, I. Groth and L.A. Nilsson. 1992. Floral fragrance disparity between three taxa of lady's slipper Cypripedium calceolus (orchidaceae). Phytochemistry 31:2315- 2319.   DOI
4 Cho, H.M., K. Sowndhararajan, J.W. Jung, J.W. Jhoo and S.M. Kim. 2013. Fragrance chemicals in the essential oil of Mentha arvensis reduce levels of mental stress. J. Life Sci. 23:933-940.   DOI
5 Dob, T. and D. Dahmane. 2008. Volatile constituents of the essential oil of Ruta chalepensis L. subsp. Angustifolia (Pers.) P. Cout. J. Essent. Oil Res. 20:306-309.   DOI
6 Florian, P.S., A. Manfred, F.P. Hannes, E. Dirk and F. Wittko. 1997. Variation of floral scent emission and postpollination changes in individual flowers of Ophrys sphegodes subsp. sphegodes. J. Chem. Ecol. 23:2881-2895.   DOI
7 Hong, Y.S. and K.S. Kim. 2016. Determination of the volatile flavor components of orange and grapefruit by simultaneous distillation-extraction. Korean J. Food Preserv. 23:63-73 (in Korean).   DOI
8 Hong, Y.S., Y.S. Lee and K.S. Kim. 2017. Comparison of volatile flavor compounds of yuzu, kumquat, lemon and lime. Korean J. Food Preserv. 24:394-405 (in Korean).   DOI
9 Jang, M.R., J.E. Seo, J.H. Lee, M.S. Chung and G.H. Kim. 2010. Antibacterial action against food-bone pathogens by the volatile flavor of essential oil from Chrysanthemum morifolium flower. Korean J. Food & Nutr. 23:154-161 (in Korean).
10 Huang, Y., F. Li, Y.P. Xia and K.S. Chen. 2011. Scent profiling of Cymbidium ensifolium by electronic nose. Sci. Hort. 128:306-310.   DOI
11 Jo, Y.H., S.Y. Gu, N.H. Chung, Y.P. Gao, H.J. Kim, M.H. Jeong, Y.J. Jeong and J.H. Kwon. 2016. Comparative analysis of sensory profiles of commercial cider vinegars from Korea, China, Japan and us by SPME/GC-MS, e-nose, and e-tongue. Korean J. Food. Sci. Technol. 48:430-436 (in Korean).   DOI
12 Kim, J.H., M.S. Roh, J.C. Dickens, A.K. Lee and J.K. Suh. 2014a. Volatiles emitted from single flower buds of a Lilium longiflorum × L. callosum interspecific hybrid and its parents. Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. 55:410-414.   DOI
13 Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA). 2020. 2019 Annual Report of Floriculture Cultivation. Sejong, Korea.
14 Kim, J.S., H.Y. Jung, E.Y. Park and B.S. Noh. 2016. Flavor analysis of commercial Korean distilled spirits using an electronic nose and electronic tongue. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 48:117-121 (in Korean).   DOI
15 Kim, K.H., A.H. Kim, J.K. Lee, M.S. Chun and B.S. Noh. 2014b. Analysis of flavor pattern of various coffee beans using electronic nose. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 46:1-6 (in Korean).   DOI
16 Kim, Y.J., H.R. An, P.M. Park, S.Y. Lee and P.H. Park. 2020. Breeding of a medium-sized and fragrant Cymbidium 'Aroma Pink'. Korean Flower Res. J. 28:353-358 (in Korean).   DOI
17 Ramya, M., S.Y. Lee, H.R. An, P.M. Park, N.S. Kim and P.H. Park. 2019. MYB1 transcription factor regulation through floral scent in Cymbidium cultivar 'Sael Bit'. Phytochem. Lett. 32:181-187.   DOI
18 Lee, Y.S., Y.H. Lee, S.H. Lim, G.W. Park, S.Y. Choi, H.J Hong and J.A. Ko. 2013. Volatile compounds and ultrastructure of petal epidermal cells according to scent intensity in Rosa hybrida. Kor. J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 31:590-597 (in Korean).
19 Omata, A., S. Nakamura, K. Yomogida, K. Moriai, Y. Ichikawa and I. Watanabe. 1990. Volatile components of TO-YO-RAN flowers (Cymbidium faberi and Cymbidium virescens). Agric. BioI. Chem. 54:1029-1033.
20 Park, P.H., M.S. Kim, Y.R. Lee, P.M. Park, D.S. Lee. 2014. Fragrance pattern analysis of major floriculture crops using electronic nose. Flower Res. J. 22:235-239 (in Korean).   DOI
21 Singh, A.K., V.K. Raina, A.A. Naqvi, N.K. Patra, B. Kumar, P. Ram and S.P.S. Khanuja. 2005. Essential oil composition and chemoarrays of menthol mint (Metntha arvensis L. f. piperascens Malinvaud ex. Holmes) cultivars. Flavour Fragr. J. 20:302-305.   DOI
22 Theis, N. 2006. Fragrance of Canada thistle (Cirsumm arvense) attracts both floral herbivores and pollinators. J. Chem. Ecol. 32:917-927.   DOI
23 Wilson, A.D. and M. Baietto. 2009. Applications and advances in electronic-nose technologies. Sensors 9:5099-5148.   DOI
24 Wisniewska, P., M. Sliwinska, J. Namiesnik, W. Wardencki and T. Dymerski. 2016. The verification of the usefulness of electronic nose based on ultra-fast gas chromatography and four different chemometric methods for rapid analysis of spirit beverages. J. Anal. Methods Chem. 2016:8763436. doi: 10.1155/2016/8763436.   DOI
25 Kim, S.Y., H. R. An, P.M. Park, S.Y. Baek, O.K. Gwo, S.Y. Park and P.H. Park. 2016. Analysis of floral scent patterns in flowering stages and floral organs of Maxillaria using an electronic nose. Flower Res. J. 24: 171-180 (in Korean).   DOI
26 Ahn, M.S., P.H. Park, Y.N. Kwon, M.J. Mekapogu, S.W. Kim, E.Y. Jie, J.A. Jeong, J.T. Park and O.K. Kwon. 2018. Discrimination of floral scents and metabolities in cut flowers of peony (Paeonia lactiflora Pall.) cultivars. Korean. J. Plant Res. 31:641-651.   DOI
27 Baraldi, R., F. Rapparini, F. Rossi, A. Latella and P. Ciccioli. 1999. Volatile organic compound emission from flowers of the most occurring and economically important species of fruit trees. Phys. Chem. Earth 24:729-732.   DOI
28 Borg-Karlson, A.-K. and I. Groth. 1986. Volatiles from the flowers of four species in the sections arachnitiformes and araneiferae of the genus Ophrys as insect mimetic attractants. Phytochemistry 25:1297-1299.   DOI
29 Ji, E.H., D.S. Kim, S.J. Sim, G.H. Park, J.H. Song, J.B. Jeong and N.H. Kim. 2018. Anti-inflammatory effect of leaves extracts from Aralia cordata through inhibition of NF-κB and MAPKs signaling in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Korean. J. Plant Res. 31:634-640.   DOI
30 Kim, J.M. 2017. Flavored oil components in the leaves of Chrysanthemum zawadskii. J. East. Asian Soc. Diet. Life 27:676-683 (in Korean).   DOI
31 Kumar, A., V. Khajuria and S. Aggarwal. 2012. Secondary meta-bolites of Mentha arvensis and their biological activities. Anal. Lett. 2:373-400.   DOI
32 Murase, T., K. Misawa, S. Haramizu, Y. Minegishi and T. Hase. 2010. Nootkatone, a characteristic constituent of grapefruit, stimulates energy metabolism and prevents diet-induced obesity by activating AMPK. Am. J. Physiol. Endocrinol. Metab. 299:266-275.
33 Ramya, M., S.H. Jang, H.R. An, S.Y. Lee, P.M. Park and P.H. Park. 2020. Volatile organic compounds from orchids: From synthesis and function to gene regulation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 21:1160.   DOI
34 Song, H.S., Y.H. Park and D.G. Moon. 2005. Volatile flavor properties of hallabong grown in open field and green house by GC/GC.MS and sensory evaluation. J. Korean Soc. Food Sci. Nutr. 34:1239-1245 (in Korean).   DOI
35 Watanabe, I., T. Yanai, K.I. Awano, K. Kogami and K. Hayashi. 1983. Volatile components of zinchoge flower (Daphne odora Thunb.). Agric. Bioi. Chem. 47:483-490.
36 Kim, S.Y., R.Y. Mummadireddy, H.R. An, P.M. Park, S.Y. Lee, S.Y. Park and P.H. Park. 2019. Floral volatile compound accumulation and gene expression analysis of Maxillaria tenuifolia. Korean J. Hort. Sci. Technol. 37:756-766.
37 Du, P.D. and P. Cribb. 1988. The classification of Cymbidium. Timber Press. OR (USA). pp. 50-194.
38 Hong, J.H., Y.J. Park, H.T. Kim and S.K. Oh. 2018. Identification of new, old and mixed brown rice using freshness and an electronic eye. Korean J. Crop Sci. 63:98-105 (in Korean).   DOI
39 Huang, S.H., M.S. Kim, B.H. Park and S.Y. Park. 2016. Scent analysis using an electronic nose flowering period of potted diploid and tetraploid Cymbidium. Korean J. Horticc. Sci. Technol. 34:163-171.
40 Yu, H., J. Wag, C. Yao, H.M. Zhang and Y. Yu. 2008. Quality grade identification of green tea using E-nose by CA ad ANN. Lebensm. Wiss. Technol. 41:1268-1273.   DOI
41 Suh, Y.S., S.H. Lee, Y.Shang, W.J. Lee. 2015. Effects of roasting conditions on the physicochemical properties of Coffea arabica beans. Korean J. Food Preserv. 22:690-698 (in Korean).   DOI