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http://dx.doi.org/10.7732/kjpr.2018.31.5.466

Anti-inflammatory Activity of Extracts of Hovenia dulcis on Lipopolysaccharides-stimulated RAW264.7 Cells  

Woo, Hyun Sim (Division of Applied Life Science, Institute of Agriculture and Life Science, Gyeongsang National University)
Lee, Sun Min (Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Toxicology Screening Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology)
Heo, Jeong Doo (Gyeongnam Department of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Toxicology Screening Research Center, Korea Institute of Toxicology)
Lee, Min-Sung (Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum)
Kim, Yeong-Su (Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum)
Kim, Dae Wook (Plant Resource Industry Division, Forest Plant Industry Department, Baekdudaegan National Arboretum)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Resources / v.31, no.5, 2018 , pp. 466-477 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the anti-inflammatory activities of the extracts of different parts of Hovenia dulcis such as leaves, stems, and roots were investigated. Among them, the roots extract (RE) showed the most potent suppressive effect against pro-inflammatory mediators in LPS-stimulated mouse macrophage cells. RE induced dose-dependent reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and concomitantly reduced the production of NO and $PGE_2$. Additionally, pre-treatment with RE significantly suppressed the production of inflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$ ($TNF-{\alpha}$), interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, and IL-6, as well as mRNA levels. Moreover, phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kB) were also strongly attenuated by RE in RAW264.7 cell. Furthermore, RE induced HO-1 expression through nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and increase HO-1 activity in RAW264.7 macrophages. Therefore, these results indicate that RE strongly inhibits LPS-induced inflammatory responses by blocking NF-kB activation, inhibiting MAPKs phosphorylation, and enhancing HO-1 expression in macrophages, suggesting that RE of H. dulicis and a major component, 27-O-protocatechuoylbetulinic acid could be applied as a valuable natural anti-inflammatory material.
Keywords
Anti-inflammatory effect; Heme oxygenase-1; Hovenia dulcis Thunb.; Pro-inflammatory cytokines; 27-O-Protocatechuoylbetulinic acid;
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