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Ecological Characteristics of Viola websteri Hemsley Habitats  

Jang, Su-Kil (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Cheon, Kyeong-Sik (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Kim, Kyung-Ah (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Jang, Jin-Hwan (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Yoo, Ki-Oug (Department of Biological Sciences, Kangwon National University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Resources / v.23, no.4, 2010 , pp. 261-273 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study intended to investigate the environmental factors including soil and vegetation in order to understand the environmental and ecological characteristics of seven different habitats of Viola websteri. These habitats, according to investigations, are mostly located on the slope of mountains facing north at an altitude of 343 m to 991 m above sea level with angle of inclination from 1 degree to 33 degrees. The type of soil is mostly sandy loam and the average field capacity of soil is 28.97%. Their average organic matter is 16.63%, soil pH 5.62, and available phosphorus is 14.75%. A total of 133 vascular plants are identified in 18 quadrates of seven habitats. Dominant species of woody plants in seven habitats are represented as Acer pictum subsp. mono and Quercus mongolica in tree layer, and Acer pictum subsp. mono in subtree layer. Importance value of Viola websteri is 9.66%, as regards the herbaceous layer, and five highly ranked species such as Meehania urticifolia(8.53%), Pseudostellaria heterophylla(6.51%), Hylomecon vernalis(5.15%), Oxalis obtriangulata (4.52%), and Pseudostellaria davidii(4.15%) are considered to be an affinity with Viola websteri in their habitats. The degree of their average species diversity is 1.32, and that of dominance and evenness are 0.08 and 0.89, respectively. Correlation coefficients analysis based on environmental factors, vegetation and soil analysis shows that the coverage of Viola websteri is correlated with silt and sand ratio, and coverage of tree layers are correlated with species richness and altitude. Cluster analysis based on vegetation structure of each habitats are forms a three groups.
Keywords
environmental factor; soil analysis; dominant species; importance value; correlation coefficient; cluster analysis;
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