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Chemical Characterization and Utilization of $19{\alpha}-Hydroxyursane-type$ Triterpenoids in Rubus species  

Jung, Hyun-Ju (Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University)
Nam, Jung-Hwan (Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University)
Lim, Sang-Cheol (Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University)
Kim, Won-Bae (National Institute of Highland Agriculture, RDA)
Park, Hee-Juhn (Department of Botanical Resources, Sangji University)
Publication Information
Korean Journal of Plant Resources / v.19, no.5, 2006 , pp. 563-572 More about this Journal
Abstract
The plant Rubus species (Rosaceae) mainly contains $19{\alpha}-hydroxyurane-type$ triterpenoids $(19{\alpha}-HUT)$ as bioactive components. Available functional food includes blackberry (the fruit of thornless Rubus sp.), red raspberry (R. idaeus) and black raspberry (R. occidentalis). However, the fruit of R. coreanus, which is used in Korea as a functional food, substitutes black raspberry. Rubi Fructus, which has been traditionally used as an oriental medicinal drug, designates only unripe fruit of R. coreanus but not its ripe fruit which indicates that it needs high content of $19{\alpha}-HUT$ as a crude drug. Throughout our experiment, we found that ripe fruits contain very little amount of $19{\alpha}-HUT$ when compared to unripe fruits. In addition, various and rich $19{\alpha}-HUT$ has been reported from Rubus species. The most common structure of $19{\alpha}-HUT$ of Rubus species, euscaphic acid or tormentic acid with $3{\alpha}-OH$ or $3{\beta}-OH$, respectively, can be glycosylated or oxidized to produce a number of $19{\alpha}-HUTs $as euscaphic acid and tormentic acid derivatives and even esterified to form dimeric triterpenoids. In this review, the bioactivity and biosynthetic pathway and chemical characterization of $19{\alpha}-HUTs$ found in Rubus species are discussed.
Keywords
Rubus; Rosaceae; Triterpenoid; Blackberry; $19{\alpha}-hydroxyurane-type$; Tormentic acid; Euscaphic acid;
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