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http://dx.doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2022.55.4.407

Soil CO2 Monitoring Around Wells Discharging Methane  

Chae, Gitak (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Kim, Chan Yeong (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Ju, Gahyeun (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Park, Kwon Gyu (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Roh, Yul (Chonnam National University)
Lee, Changhyun (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Yum, Byoung-Woo (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM))
Kim, Gi-Bae (KNJ engineering Inc.)
Publication Information
Economic and Environmental Geology / v.55, no.4, 2022 , pp. 407-419 More about this Journal
Abstract
Soil(vadose zone) gas compositions were measured for about 3 days to suggest a method for monitoring and interpreting soil gas data collected around wells from which methane(CH4) is outflowing. The vadose zone gas samples were collected within 1 m around two test wells(TB2 and TB3) at Pohang and analyzed for CO2, CH4, N2 and O2 concentrations in situ. CO2 flux was measured beside TB2. In addition, gas samples from well head in TB2 and atmospheric air samples were collected for comparison. Carbon isotopes of CO2(δ13CCO2) of samples collected on the last day of the study period were analyzed in the laboratory. The two test wells (TB2 and 3) were 12.7 m apart and only TB3 was cemented to the surface. According to the bio-geochemical process-based interpretation, the relationships between CO2 and O2, N2, and N2/O2 of vadose zone gas were plotted between the lines of CH4 oxidation and CO2 dissolution. In addition, the CH4 concentrations of gas samples from the wellhead of the uncemented well (TB2) were 5.2 times higher than the atmospheric CH4 concentration. High CO2 concentrations (average 1.148%) of vadose zone gas around TB2 seemed to be attributed to the oxidation of CH4. On the other hand, the vadose zone CO2 around the cemented well(TB3) showed a relatively low concentration(0.136%). This difference indicates that the vadose zone gas(including CO2) around the CH4 outflowing well were strongly affected by well completion(cementing). This study result can be used to establish strategies for environmental monitoring of soil around natural gas sites, and can be used to monitor leakage around injection and observation wells for CO2 geological storage. In addition, the method of this study is useful for soil monitoring in natural gas storage and oil-contaminated sites.
Keywords
methane oxidation; shallow depth gas field; soil $CO_2$; soil gas monitoring; well completion;
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