Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2019.52.6.561

Characteristics of Pockmark Topography in Hupo Basin, East Sea  

Kim, ChangHwan (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, East Sea Research Institute)
Park, ChanHong (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, East Sea Research Institute)
Lee, MyoungHoon (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, East Sea Research Institute)
Choi, SoonYoung (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, East Sea Research Institute)
Kim, WonHyuck (Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, East Sea Research Institute)
Publication Information
Economic and Environmental Geology / v.52, no.6, 2019 , pp. 561-571 More about this Journal
Abstract
The Hupo Basin, continental marginal basin, of the East Sea extends to Uljin-gun and Yeongdeok-gun. The Hupo Bank, a terrain that is higher than the surrounding seabed, is located at the eastern boundary of the Hupo Basin. KIOST(Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology) conducted detailed bathymetry surveys in the northern, central and southern areas of the Hupo Basin from 2011 to 2013. The Hupo Basin, bounded by steep slopes of the Hupo Bank, is deepened from the west coast to the east and deepest to a maximum depth of about 250 m. A narrow seafloor channel appears in the northern, central, and southern areas with the deepest depths. Numerous pockmarks appear on the seafloor at depths of about 150 ~ 250 m in all the three areas of the detailed bathymetry surveys. These pockmarks generally have diameters of about 20 to 50 m and depths of about 4 to 6 m, with craterlike submarine topography of various sizes. Seafloor sediments in the pockmark areas consist of fine silt. Comparing the shape and size of the pockmark of the Hupo Basin with that of other regions of the world, it is considered to be classified as a normal pockmark. There are about 7 pockmarks/1 ㎢ in the northern part of the three areas and about 8 pockmarks/1 ㎢ in the central part. The southern part has about 5 pockmarks/1 ㎢. If the area with the possibility of pockmarks is extended to the depth area of about 150 ~ 250 m in the entire Hupo Basin, the number of pockmarks is estimated to be more than about 4800. The pockmark of the Hupo Basin is more likely to be generated by a fluid such as a liquid than a gas. But it is necessary to scrutinize the cause and continuously monitor the pockmark.
Keywords
Hupo Basin; detailed bathymetry survey; pockmark; crater-like; fluid;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Kelley, J.T., Dickson, S.M., Belknap, D.F., Bernhardt, W.A. and Henderson, M. (1994) Giant seabed pockmarks: evidence for gas escape from Belfast Bay, Maine. Geology, v.22, p.59-62.   DOI
2 Kim, C.S. (1982) Submarine Geology of Continental Margin of the East Sea, Korea. Min. Geol. Korea, v.15, p.65-88.
3 Kim, C.H. and Park, C.H. (2014) Detailed Bathymetry and Seabed Characteristics of Wangdol-cho, Hupo Bank in the East Sea. Econ. Environ. Geol. Korea, v.47, p.533-540.   DOI
4 Kim, D.C., Lee, G.S., Lee, G.H. and Park, S.C. (2008) Sediment echo types and acoustic characteristics of gas-related acoustic anomalies in Jinhae Bay, southern Korea. Geosci. Jour., v.12, p.47-61.   DOI
5 Kim, H.C., Lee, Y.M. and Park, J.M. (2006) GIS Spatial D/B Formation of Geothermal Data and Distribution of Heat Flow of Korea. Proc. Conf. Korea Soc. New Renew. Energy, v.1, p.459-460.
6 Kim, H.J., Jou, H.T., Yoo, H.S., Kim, K.H. and You, L.S. (2011) High-resolution Seismic Imaging of Shallow Geology Offshore of the Korean Peninsula: Offshore Uljin. Jigu-Mulli-wa-Mulli-Tamsa, v.14, p.127-132.
7 Kim, H.J., Lee, G.H., Jou, H.T., Cho, H.M., Yoo, H.S., Park, G.T. and Kim, J.S. (2007) Evolution of the eastern margin of Korea: Constraints on the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea). Tectonophy., v.436, p.37-55.   DOI
8 Kim, J.H., Park, M.H., Kong, G.S., Han, H.C., Cheong, T.J., Choi, J.Y., Kim, J.H., Kang, M.H., Lee, C.W. and Oh, J.H. (2010) Geochemical Results and Implication of the Organic Matter in the Holocene Sediments from the Hupo Basin. Econ. Environ. Geol. Korea, v.43, p.1-12.
9 Kim, N.J., Yun, S.T., Kim, H.S., Jung, K.M. and Kim, G.B. (2001) Geostatistical Interpretation of Water Quality and Hydrogeochemistry of Shallow Groundwater in the Uljin Area, Korea. Econ. Environ. Geol. Korea, v.34, p.175-192.
10 Lee, G.H., Kim, D.C., Kim, H.J., Jou, H.T. and Lee, Y.J. (2005) Shallow gas in the central part of the Korea Strait shelf mud off the southeastern coast of Korea. Cont. Shelf Res., v.25, p.2036-2052.   DOI
11 Lee, K.N. and Myoung, J.G. (2003) Sustainable Utilization and Management Scheme in Wangdol-cho Surrounding Sea Area. Ocean and Polar Res., v.25, p.331-345.   DOI
12 Lee, S.J., Kim, C.H., Jun, C.P., Lee, S.J. and Kim, Y.G. (2015) Mineralogical Characteristics of Marine Sediments Cores from Uleung Basin and Hupo Basin, East Sea. Jour. Miner. Soc. Korea, v.28, p.71-81.   DOI
13 Park, H.T., Yoo, D.G., Han H.S., Lee, J.M. and Park, S.C. (2012) Acoustic Characteristics of Gas-related Structures in the Upper Sedimentary Layer of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Econ. Environ. Geol. Korea, v.45, p.513-523.   DOI
14 Shim, J.M., Jin, H.G., Sung, K.T., Hwang, J.D., Yun, S.H., Lee, Y.H., Kim, Y.S. and Kwon, K.Y. (2008) The Community Structure of Phytoplankton in Winter and Summer Around Wangdol-cho. Jour. Environ. Sci. Korea, v.17, p.1403-1411.
15 Soter, S. (1998) The Aigion earthquake of 1995: Macroscopic anomalies. In: Ancient Helike and Aigialein. Proceedings of the Second International Conference, Aigion, (eds Katsonopoulou, D., Schildardi, D., Soter, S.), Helike Society, Athens, p.464-471.
16 Stieglitz, T.C. (2012) The Yongala's halo of holes-systematic bioturbation close to a shipwreck. In: Seafloor geomorphology as benthic habitat: GeoHab Atlas of seafloor geomorphic features and benthic habitats, (eds. Harris PT, Baker EK), Elsevier, London, p.277-287.
17 Garlan, T., Mathias, X., Brenon, E., Favretto-Cristini, N., Deschamps A., Beucler E., Guyomard, P. and Morio, O. (2018) Circular Sedimentary Figures of Anthropic Origin in a Sediment Stability Context. Jour. Coast. Res., v.85, p.411-415.   DOI
18 Andrews, B.D., Brothers, L.L. and Barnhardt, W.A. (2010) Automated feature extraction and spatial organization of seafloor pockmarks, Belfast Bay, Maine, USA. Geomorph., v.124, p.55-64.   DOI
19 Choi, S.H., Ahn, Y.G. and Han, H.S. (2008) Seafloor Features around the Hupo Bank on the East Sea. Proc. Conf. Jigu-Mulli-wa-Mulli-Tamsa Korea., v.1, p.93-96.
20 Field, M.E. and Jennings, A.E. (1987) Seafloor gas triggered by a northern California earthquake. Mar. Petrol. Geol., v.77, p.39-51.   DOI
21 Gontz, A.M., Belknap, D.F., Daniel, F. and Kelley J.T. (2001) Evidence for changes in the Belfast Bay pockmark field, Maine. Proc. Geol. Soc. Am., Northeastern Section 36th Annual Meeting.
22 Suk, B.C. (1989) Quaternary sedimentation processes, structures and sea level changes in the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Korea-Tsushima Strait regions. Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Tokyo, 246p.
23 Yoo, D.G., Kang, D.H., Koo, N.H., Kim, W.S., Kim, G.Y., Kim, B.Y., Chung, S.H., Lee, H.Y., Park, K.P., Lee, G.H. and Park, S.C. (2008) Geophysical Evidence for the occurrence of gas hydrate in the Ulleung Basin, East Sea. Jour. Geol. Soc. Korea, v.44, p.645-655.
24 Yoon, S.H. and Chough, S.K. (1995) Regional strike slip in the eastern continental margin of Korea and its tectonic implications for the evolution of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Bull. Geol. Soc. Am., v.107, p.83-97.   DOI
25 Gafeira, J., Long, D. and Diaz-Doce, D. (2012) Semi-automated characterisation of seabed pockmarks in the central North Sea. Near Surf. Geophys., v.10, p.301-312.   DOI
26 Gyeongsangbukdo (2015) Feasibility study for development and industrialization of salty underground water in the Eastern coastal area. Gyeongsangbukdo, 329p.
27 Hasiotis, T., Papatheodorou, G., Kastanos, N. and Ferentinos, G. (1997) A pockmark field in the Patras Gulf (Greece) and its activation during the 14/7/93 seismic event. Mar. Petrol., Geol., v.130, p.333-344.
28 Hovland, M., Gardner, J.V. and Judd, A.G. (2002) The signicnace of Pockmarks to understanding fluid flow processes and geohazards. Geofluids, v.2, p.127-136.   DOI
29 Hovland, M. and Judd, A.G. (1988) Seabed Pockmarks and Seepages. Impact on Geology, Biology and the Marine Environment. Grahan & Trotman, London, 293p.
30 Jin, Y.K., Chung K.H., Kim, Y.D. and Lee, J.H. (2005) Side-scan sonar survey in the Pechora Sea, Russian Arctic. Jour. Korean Geophy. Soc., v.8, p.187-194.
31 Jun, C.P., Kim, C.H., Kim, Y.G. and Lee, S.J. (2014) Paleoenvironmental Reconstruction of the Hupo Basin Using Grain Size and Mineral Analysis. Jour. Miner. Soc. Korea, v.27, p.159-168.   DOI
32 Kang, N.K, Hwang, I.G. and Kwon, Y.I. (2008) Dstribution of dissolved methane on the seafloor at the gas hydrate drilling sites, Ulleung Basin, Korea. Jour. Geol. Soc. Korea, v44, p.603-614.