Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9719/EEG.2011.44.6.475

Evaluation of Correction Parameter for the Free-fall Grab Based Mn Nodule Abundance in the Southern Sector of the KODOS  

Lee, Hyun-Bok (Deep-sea & Marine Georesources Research Department, KORDI)
Ko, Young-Tak (Deep-sea & Marine Georesources Research Department, KORDI)
Kim, Jong-Uk (Deep-sea & Marine Georesources Research Department, KORDI)
Chi, Sang-Bum (Deep-sea & Marine Georesources Research Department, KORDI)
Kim, Won-Nyon (Deep-sea & Marine Georesources Research Department, KORDI)
Publication Information
Economic and Environmental Geology / v.44, no.6, 2011 , pp. 475-483 More about this Journal
Abstract
Quantitative estimate of manganese nodules based on the operation of a free fall grab (FFG) needs to be corrected because of its less retrieval ability. Previously, the correction parameter of the nodule abundance collected by FFG was calculated based on the image analysis of the photos of bottom sediment in the northern sector of the nodule exploration area of Korea in the NE equatorial Pacific. However, nodules in the southern sector are commonly covered by sediment, which may prevent the use of the correction parameter estimated by photographic techniques. In this study, we attempted dual nodule sampling at the same location by different equipments (i.e. box corer (BC) and FFG) to examine the previous correction parameter of nodule abundance for FFG operation. During the exploration cruises in 2007 to 2009, Mn-nodules were collected from 40 stations both by BC and FFG in the southern sector. The correlation analysis between BC and FFG operations revealed that the BC collected nodules 1.43 times larger than FFG. Our result suggests that the correction parameter of 1.43 can be applied for collection of FFG data to estimate Mn-nodule distribution in the southern sector. The obtained parameter is similar to the previous parameter (1.42~1.45) calculated by the image analysis method, indicating an usefulness of new correction parameter suggested by this study.
Keywords
box corer; correction factor; free fall grab; nodule abundance;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 4  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Sharma, R. (1989b) Computation of nodule abundance from sea bed photos. In: Proc The 21st offshore Technology Conference. 1-4 May 1989, Houston, TX, p. 201-212.
2 Sharma, R., Kodagari, V.N. (1990) SPHINCS: A system for cataloguing and interpreting seabed photographs of nodules. Marine Geology, v.92, p.139-146.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Usui, A. (1983) Regional variation of manganese nodule facies on the Wake - Tahiti transect: morphological, chemical and mineralogical study. Marine Geology, v.54, p.27-51.   DOI
4 Chang, S.W., Choi, H.S., Kang, J.S., Kong, G.S., Lee, S.R. and Chang, J.H. (2004) $SiO_{2}$-CaO-MnO correlations and distributions of KODOS manganese nodules. Ocean and Polar Research, v.26, p.199-205.   DOI
5 Pattan, J.N. and Kodagali, V.N. (1988) Seabed topography and distribution of Manganese nodules in the central indian ocean. Mahasagar, v.21, p.7-12.
6 Chi, S.B., Hyeong K.S., Kim, J.U., Kim, H.S., Lee, G.C. and Son, S.K. (2003) Classification of Deep-sea sediment by geotechnical properties from the KODOS area in the C-C zone of the northeast equatorial Pacific. Ocean and Polar Research, v.25, p.529-543.   DOI
7 Felix, D. (1980) Some problems in making nodule abundance estimates from sea floor photographs. Marine Mining, v.2, p.293-302.
8 MOST (1992) A study on the strategy for the development of deep seabed mineral resources. BSPG00143-2-452-5, 720p.
9 OMCO (1992) Methods for correcting nodule abundance estimates based upon free fall grab recoveries. Exploration data transfer between Ocean Minerals Company and Korea Ocean Research and Development Institute. 450p.
10 Park, C.Y., Chen, H.T. and Kang, J.K. (1996) Correction of nodule abundance using image analysis technique on manganese nodule deposits. Economic and Environmental Geology, v.29, p.429-437.
11 Sharma, R. (1989a) Effect of sediment-water interface 'boundary layer' on exposure of nodules and their abundance: a study from seabed photos. Journal of the geological society of India, v.34, p.310-317.
12 KORDI (1992) A report on '92 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. Seoul, 366p.
13 Handa, K. and Tsurusaki, K. (1981) Manganese nodules: relationship between coverage and abundance in northern part of Central Pacific Basin. In: Deep Sea Mineral Resources Investigation in the Northern Part of Central Pacific Basin, Geological Survey of Japan Cruise Report, n.15, p.184-217.
14 Hennigar, H.F., Dick, R.E. and Foell, E.J. (1986) Derivation of abundance estimates for manganese nodule deports : Grab sampler recoveries of ore reserves. OTC 5237, p.147-150.
15 IFREMER (1989) Evalution et etude des moyens necessaires a l'exploitation des nodules polymetalliques, Rapport final, TOME I, pp 1/1-5/10, unpublished.
16 KORDI (1993) A report on '93 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. Seoul, 496p.
17 KORDI (1994) A report on '94 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. Seoul, 708p.
18 Lee, G.C., Kim, J.U., Chi, S.B., Ko, Y.T. and Ham, D.J. (2008) Examination of correction factor for manganese nodule abundance using the free fall grab and box corer.The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, v.13, p.280-285.
19 Lee, H.B., Chi, S.B., Park, C.K., Kim, K.H., Ju, S.J. and Oh, J.K. (2008) Physical properties of surface sediments of the KR(Korea Reserved) 1, 2, and 5 areas, northeastern equatorial Pacific. The Sea Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, v.13, p.168-177.
20 MLTM (2011) A report on 2010 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. BSPM55650-2267-5, Seoul, 76p.
21 MOMAF (1998) A report on '98 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. Seoul, 1209p.
22 MOMAF (2002) A report on 2001 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. CRPM088-00- 1387-5, Seoul, 707p.
23 MOMAF (2007) A report on 2006 deep seabed mineral resources exploration. CRPM38200- 1838-5, Seoul, 161p.