Browse > Article

Mass Physical Properties in Deep-Sen Sediment from the Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone, Northeast Equatorial Pacific  

Chi, Sang-Bum (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Lee, Hyun-Bok (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Kim, Jong-Uk (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Hyeong, Ki-Seong (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Ko, Young-Tak (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Lee, Kyeong-Yang (Deep-sea Resources Research Division, Korea Ocean Research & Development Institute)
Publication Information
Economic and Environmental Geology / v.39, no.6, 2006 , pp. 739-752 More about this Journal
Abstract
Deep-sea surface sediments acquired by multiple corer from 69 stations in the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone of the northeast equatorial Pacific, were examined to understand the correlation of mass physical properties and sedimen-tological processes. The seabed of the middle part ($8-12^{\circ}N$) of the study area is mainly covered by biogenic siliceous sediment compared with pelagic red clays in the northern part ($16-17^{\circ}N$). In the southern part ($5-6^{\circ}N$), water depth is shallower than carbonate compensation depth (CCD). The mass physical properties such as grain size distribution, mean grain size, water content, specific grain density, wet bulk density, void ratio, and porosity of sediments are distinctly different among the three parts of the study area. Surface sediments in northern part are characterized by fine grain size and low water contents possibly due to low primary productivity and high detrital input. Conversely, sediments in the middle part are characterized by coarse grain size and high water contents, which might be caused by high surface productivity and deeper depth than CCD. The sediments show low water contents and high density in the southern part, which can be explained by shallower depth than CCD. Our results suggest that the variations in mass physical properties of sediments are influenced by combined effects including biogenic primary productivity of surface water, water depth, especially with respect to CCD, sedimentation rate, detrital input, and the geochemistry of the bottom water (for example, formation of authigenic clay minerals and dissolution of biogenic grains).
Keywords
mass physical properties; northeast Pacific; deep-sea sediment;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 지상범(2003) 북동태평양 심해저 퇴적물의 지질공학적 특성 및 망간단괴 분포 특성. 인하대학교 대학원 박사학위 논문. 185p
2 해양수산부 (1998) 심해저 광물자원 탐사 보고서(1). 해양수산부 보고서 BSPM98001- 01-1117-7, 1209p
3 해양수산부(2002) 심해저 광물자원 탐사 보고서(1). 해양수산부 보고서 CRPM137- 00-1503-5, 683p
4 Bennett, R.H. and Keeler, G.H. (1970) Mass property variability in three closely spaced deep-sea sediment cores. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 40, p. 1038-1043
5 Chester, R (1990) Marin geochemistry. Unwin Press, London, 698p
6 Cole, T.G. (1985) Composition, oxygen isotope geochemistry; and origin of smectite in the metalliferous sediments of the Bauer Deep, southeast Pacific. Geochimica et Cosrnochimica Acta, v. 49, p. 221-235   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Edmond, J.M., Chung, Y.C., and Sclater, J.G. (1971) Pacific bottom water: penetration east around Hawaii. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76, p. 8089-8097   DOI
8 Grupe, B., Becker, H.J., and Oebius, H.U. (2001) Geotechnical and sedimentological investigations of deepsea sediments from a manganese nodule field of the Peru Basin, Deep-sea Research II, v. 48, p. 3593-3608   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Hayes, J.D., Saito, T., Opdyke, N.D., and Bruckle, L.H. (1969) Pliocene-Pleistocene sediments of the equatorial Pacific: their paleomagnetic, biostragraphic, and climatic record. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 80, p. 1481-1514   DOI
10 Houston, W.N. and Mitchell, J.K. (1969) Property relationships in sensitive clays. Journal of the soil Mechanics and Foundations Division, v. 95, p. 1037-1062
11 IFREMER (1989) Evaluation et etude des moyens necessaires a l' exploitation des nodules polymetalliques, Rapport final, TOME I, p. 1/1-5/10
12 Kadko, D. (1985) Late Cenozoic sedimentation and metal deposition in the north Pacific. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, v. 49, p. 651-661   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Keller, G. and Barron, J.A. (1983) Paleoceanographic implications of Miocene deep-sea hiatuses. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 94, p. 590-613   DOI
14 Keller, G.H. and Yincan, Y. (1985) Geotechnical properties of surface and near-surface deposits in the East China Sea. Continental Shelf Research, v. 4, p. 159-174   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Lee, H.J. and Clausner, J.E. (1979) Seafloor soil sampling and geotechnical parameter determination-handbook, Technical Report Civil Engineering Laboratory, Naval Construction Battalion Center, Port Hueneme, California, 121p
16 Mller, P.J. and Mangani, A. (1980) Organic carbon decomposition rates in sediments of the Pacific manganese nodule belt dated by Th-230 and Pa-231. Earth Planetary Science Letter; v. 51, p. 94-114   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Scalater, J.G., Anderson, R.N., and Bell, M.L. (1971) Elevation of ridges and evolution of the central eastern Pacific: Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 76, p 7888-7915   DOI
18 지상범(1994) 북적도 태평양 심해저 퇴적물과 망간단괴의 지질공학적 특성 및 음향특성. 인하대학교 석사학위논문, 85p
19 이희준(1991) 한국 주변해역 퇴적물의 지질공학적 성질과 퇴적작용과의 관계. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위 논문, 291p
20 Bennett, R.H., O'Brien, N.R, and Hulbert, M.H. (1991) Determinants of clay and shale microfabric signatures: processes and mechanisms, Microstructure of Fine-Grained Sediments: From Mud to Shale. SpringerVerlag, London, p. 5-32
21 Baltzer, A., Cochonat, P., and Piper, D.J.W (1994) In situ geotechnical characterization of sediments on the Nova Scotian Slope, eastern Canadian continental margin. Marine Geology, v. 120, p. 291-308   DOI   ScienceOn
22 Oebius, H.U., Becker; H.J., Rolinski, S., and Jankowski, J.A. (2001) Parametrization and evaluation of marine environmental impacts produced by deep-sea manganese nodule mining. Deep-sea research II. v. 48, p. 3453-3467   DOI   ScienceOn
23 Johnson, D.A (1972) Ocean-floor erosion in the equatorial Pacific. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, p. 3121-3144   DOI
24 Almagor, G. (1982) Marine geotechnical studies at continental margins (a review - Part I). Applied Ocean Research, v. 4, p. 92-98
25 Berger, W.H., Adeleck, C.G., and Mayer, L.A. (1976) Distribution of carbonate in surface sediment of the Pacific Ocean. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 81, p. 2617-2627   DOI
26 Bennett, R.H., Lehman, L., Hulbert, M.H., Harvey, G.R., Bush, S.A, Forde, E.B., Crews, P., and Sawyer, W.B. (1985) Interrelationships of organic carbon and submarine sediment geotechnical properties. Marine Geotechnology, v. 6, p. 61-98   DOI
27 Hirst, T.J. and Richird, A.F. (1975) Analysis of deep-sea nodule mining - seafloor interaction, Off. Tech. Conf., No. OTC 2241, Dallas
28 Kennett, J.P (1982) Marine geology. Prentice-Hall Inc., Englewood Cliffs, N.J., 813p
29 Volet,J., Pastouret, L., and Vergnaud-Granzzini, C. (1980) Dissolution and carbonate fluctuations in Pleistocene deep-sea cores: A review. Marine Geology, v. 34, p. 128
30 Lisitzin, A.P. (1972) Sedimentation in the world ocean. SEPM Spec. Publ., 17, 218p
31 van Andel, Tj.H., and Moore Jr., T.C. (1975) Cenozoic Calcium carbonate Distribution and calcite compensation depth in the central Equatorial Pacific Ocean, Geology, p. 87-92
32 Piper; D.Z., Cannon, W., and Leong, K. (1977) Composition and abundance of ferromanganese nodules at DOMES Sites A, B, and C: relationship with bathymetry and stratigraphy, In Piper, D.Z. (ed.) Deep Ocean Environmental Study: Geology and Geochemistry of DOMES A, B, and C, Equatorial Pacific, USGS OpenFile Report 77-778, Menlo Park, 217p
33 von Stackelberg, U. (1979) Sedimentation, Hiatus, and Development of Manganese nodules: VALDVIA Site VA-13/2. Northern Central Pacific In Bischoff, J.L. and Piper, D.Z. (eds.) Marine geology and oceanography of the Pacific manganese nodule province, Plenum Press, New York, p. 529-557
34 Booth, J.S., Winter, W.J., Poppe, L.J., Neiheisel, J., and Dyer, R.S. (1989) Geotechnical, geological, and selected Radionucleid retention characteristics of the radioactive waste disposal site near the Farallon Islands. Marine Geotechnology, v. 8, p. 111-132   DOI   ScienceOn
35 Herron, E.M. (1972) Sea-floor spreading and the Cenozoic history of the east-central Pacific. Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 83, p. 1671-1692   DOI
36 Horn, D.R., Horn, B.M., and Delach, M.N. (1973) Copper and Nikel content of ocean ferromanganese deposits and their relation to properties of the substrate. In Morgenstein, M. (ed.) The Origin and distribution of manganese nodules in the Pacific and prospects for exploration, Hawaii Inst. Geophysics, Honolulu, p. 7783
37 Mantyla, A.W. (1975) On the potential temperature in the abyssal Pacific Ocean. Journal of Marine Research, v. 33, p. 341-354
38 THETIS (1992) The environmental impact of deep sea mining, section 1. Nodules and environment. 283p
39 지상범, 김기현, 문재운, 이경용, 손승규, 오재경 (2000) 북동태평양 KODOS 지역 심해저 퇴적물의 지질공학적 특성. 한국해양학회지, v. 5, p. 320-334
40 Hagerty, R. (1974) Usefulness of spade cores for geotechnical studies and some results from the northeast Pacific. In Inderbitzen, A.L. (ed.) Deep-Sea sediments: physical and mechanical properties, Plenum Press, New York, p. 169-186
41 Velede, B. (1992) Introduction to clay minerals, cemistry, origins, uses and environmental significance. Chap- man & hall , London, 198p
42 Francheteau, J., Harrison, C.G.A., Sclater, J.G., and Rich- ards, M.L. (1979) Magnetization of Pacific seamounts: A preliminary polar cure for the northeastern Pasific. Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 75, p. 2035-2062   DOI
43 Brown, J., Colling, A., Park, D., Phillips, J, Rothery; D., and Write, J. (1989) Ocean chemistry and deep-sea sediments. G. Bearman. pergamon press, 134p
44 Piper, D.Z., Cook, H.E., and Gardner, J.Y. (1979) Lithic and acoustic stratigrapfy of the equatorial north Pacific: DOMES sites A, B, and C. In Bischoff, J.L. and Piper, D.Z. (eds.) Marine Geology and Oceanography of the Pacific Manganese Nodule Province, Plenum Press, New York, p. 309-348
45 Richards, A.F and Chaney, R.C. (1981) Present and future geotechnical research needs in deep ocean mining. Marine Mining, v. 2, p. 315-337
46 Shepard, F.P. (1954) Nomenclature based on san-silt-clay ratios. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, v. 24, p. 151-158
47 Tsurusaki K., Yamazaki, T., and Handa, K. (1994) Geotechnical properties of deep-sea sediments and manganese nodules in the Penrhyn Basin, South Pacific. In Usui A. (ed.) Marine Geology, Geophysics and Manganese Nodule Deposits in the Penrhyn Basin, South Pacific, Geological Survey of Japan Cruise Report No. 23, p. 225-240
48 Weber, M.E., von Stackelberg, U., Marchig, V., Wiedicke, M., and Grupe, B. (2000) Variability of surface sediments in the Peru basin: dependence on water depth, productivity, bottom water flow, and seafloor topography. Marine Geology, v. 163, p. 169-184   DOI   ScienceOn
49 Rawson, M.D. and Ryan, W.B.E (1978) Oceanic floor sediment and polymetallic nodules. World oceanic floor panorama, Lamont-Doherty Geol. Obs., Palisades (map)
50 Theyer; F (1977) Micropaleontological dating of DOMES project box cores from test areas A and B, tropical Pacific. In Piper; D.Z. (ed.) Deep ocean environmental study: geology and geochemistry of DOMES sites A, B, and C, equatorial north Pacific, USGS open-file report 77-778, Menlo Park, 267p
51 van Andel, T.H., Heath, G.R., and Bennet, R.H. (1973) Geological results of Leg 163: the central equatorial Pacific, west of the East Pacific Rise. Initial Report of Deep-Sea Drilling Project, v. 16, p. 411-472