Browse > Article

Use of Discriminant Analysis to Identify Soil Quality Variation by Land Use  

Ko Kyung-Seok (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Kim Jae Gon (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Lee Jin-Soo (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Kim Tack Hyun (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Lee Gyoo Ho (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Cho Choon Hee (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Oh In Suk (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Cheong Young Wook (Geological & Environmental Hazards Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resources)
Publication Information
Economic and Environmental Geology / v.38, no.3, 2005 , pp. 207-219 More about this Journal
Abstract
The physical and chemical characteristics of soils in a small watershed were investigated and the effect of geology and land use on soil quality were examined by using multivariate statistical methods, principal components analysis and discriminant analysis. The soil developed from andesite had finer texture and higher contents of water extractable inorganic components, clay, and mafic minerals than the soil developed from granite. It is considered that the accumulation of salts in the farmland soils indicated by electrical conductivity, contents of cations and anions and pH was caused by fertilizer input during cultivation. The low contents of organic matter in the farmland soils was due to the enhanced oxidation of organic matter by tillage and by the harvest of crops. The contents of inorganic components are increased as following order: upland > orchard > paddy field > forest. The high contents of water soluble $SO_4\;^{2-}$ of paddy soils is due to the oxidation of sulfides mineral formed during the flooding period during the air-dry and extraction. The results of principal components analysis show the difference of soil quality was controlled by geology and land use. PCI indicate the input of fertilizer, mineral weathering and ion exchange reaction by application of nitrogenous fertilizers. The results of two discriminant analyses using water extractable inorganic components and their ratios by land use were also clearly classified by discriminant function 1 and 2. In discriminant analysis by components, discriminant function 1 indicated the effect of fertilizer application and increased as following order: upland > orchard > paddy field > forest soil. The investigated and predicted data for land use from discriminant analysis showed similar results. The discriminant analysis can be used as a useful method certifying the change of land use.
Keywords
soil characteristic; geology; farmland soil; principal components analysis; discriminant analysis; ion exchange reaction;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Lambrakis, N., Antonakos, A. and Panagopoulos, G. (2004) The use of multicomponent statistical analysis in hydrogeological environmental research. Water Res., v. 38, p. 1862-1872   DOI   ScienceOn
2 NIAST (2000) Taxonomical classification of Korean soils. National Institute of Agricultural Science, 809p
3 Schroeder, P.D., Radcliffe, D.E., Cabrera, M.L. and Belwe, C.D. (2004) Relationship between soil test phosphorus and phosphorus in runoff: Effects of soil series variability, J. Environ. Qual., v. 33, p. 1452-1463   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Sun, B., Zhou, S. and Zhao, Q. (2003) Evaluation of spatial and temporal changes of soil quality based on geostatistical analysis in the hill region of subtropical China. Geoderma, v. 115, p. 85-99   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Cao, Z.H., Huang, J.F., Zhang, C.S. and Li, A.F. (2004) Soil quality evolution after land use change from paddy soil to vegetable land. Environ. Geochem. Health, v. 26, p. 97-103   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Wilson, D.I. (2002) Derivation of the chalk superficial deposits of the North Downs, England: an application of discriminant analysis. Geomorphology, v. 42, p. 343-364   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Emmerling, C. and Udelhoven, T. (2002) Discriminating factors of the spatial variability of soil quality parameters at landscape-scale. J. Plant Nutr. Soil Sci., v. 165, p. 706-712   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Velasquez, E., Lavelle, P., Barrios, E., Joffre, R. and Reversat, F. (2005) Evaluating soil quality in tropical agroecosystems of Colombia using NIRS. Soil Biol. Biochem., in press
9 Kim, J.G., Kim, T.H., Lee, J.-S., Ko, K.-S., Lee, G.H., Chon, C.-M., Cho, C.H. and Cheong, Y.W. (2005) Characteristics and phosphorous accumulation of surface soil in relation with geology and land use. Soil Sci. Plant Nutr., submitted
10 Splechtna, B.E. and Klinka, K. (2001) Quantitative characterization of nutrient regimes of high-elevation forest soils in the southern coastal region of British Columbia, Canada. Geoderma, v. 102, p. 153-174   DOI
11 김의선, 황진연, 김진섭, 함세영, 김재곤 (2001) 부산 북부 지역의 모암유형에 따른 토양의 구성광물 및 화학성분, 한국광물학회지, 14권, p. 58-72
12 Brye, K.R., Andraski, T.W., Jarrell, W.M., Bundy, L.G., and Norman, J.M. (2002) Phosphorous leaching under a restored tallgrass prairie and corn agroecosystems. J. Environ. Qual., v. 31, p. 769-781   DOI   ScienceOn
13 Stezenbach, K.J., Farnham, I.M., Hodge, V.F. and Johannesson, K.H. (1999) Using multivariate statistical analysis of groundwater major cation and trace element concentration to evaluate groundwater flow in a regional aquifer. Hydrol. Process., v. 13, p. 2655-2673
14 Olsen, S.R. and Sommers, L.E. (1982) Phosphorous. In Page, A.L. et al.(ed) Methods for soil analysis: Part 2 Chemical and microbiological properties. 2nd (ed.), ASA and SSSA, Madison, Wisconsin, p. 403-430
15 Spruill, T.B., Showers, W.J. and Howe, S.S. (2002) Application of classification-tree methods to identify nitrate sources in ground water. J. Environ. Qual., v. 31, p.1538-1549   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Appelo, C.A.J. and Postma, D. (1993) Geochemistry, groundwater and pollution. A.A. Balkema, Reotterdam, Netherlands, 536p
17 Gimenez, E. (1994) Caracterizacion hidrogeoquimica de los procesos de salinizacion del acuifero detritico costero de la Plana de Castellon. Tesis Doctoral, Universidad de Granada, p.390 (in Spanish)
18 Maguire, R.O. and Sims, J.T. (2002) Soil testing to predict phosphorus leaching, J. Environ. Qual., v. 31, p. 1601-1609   DOI   ScienceOn
19 안재환 (2001) 비점오염원 유출부하 및 기여율. 건설기술정보, p. 34-38
20 임동규, 강항원, 정연태, 박경배, 박무언 (1997) 밀양 봉황천 수계지역의 토지이용현황과 토양특성. 한국토양비료학회지, 30권, p. 280-287
21 김연태, 우남칠 (2003) 축사가 밀집된 농촌지역 천부지하수의 질산염 오염특성. 한국지하수토양환경학회지, 8권, p.55-67
22 Davis, J.C. (1986) Statistical and data analysis in geology. Wiley, New York, 646p