Effects of Lumbar Stabilization Using Pressure Biofeedback Unit During Hip Abduction in Side-Lying in Patients With Low Back Pain

Background: Lumbar stabilization (LS) improve the thickness of the quadratus lumborum (QL) muscle and muscle activity of the gluteus medius (GM) muscle during hip abduction in a side-lying position in patients with low back pain (LBP). Objects: The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of LS on muscle thickness of QL and muscle activity of GM during hip abduction in side-lying in patients with LBP. Methods: The study included 32 patients with LBP, who were randomly divided into the control group and experimental group, each with 16 patients. All subjects performed $35^{\circ}$ preferred hip abduction (control group) and $35^{\circ}$ hip abduction with LS (experimental group) during side-lying. An ultrasonography and a surface electromyography were used to measure the thickness of the QL muscle, and the muscle activities of the GM muscle respectively. Independent t-test was used to compare the muscle thickness of the QL and the muscle activity of the GM muscle, respectively. Results: Anterio-posterior diameter in the muscle thickness of QL muscle was decreased significantly in hip abduction with LS more than in preferred hip abduction (p<.001), but medio-lateral diameter in the muscle thickness of QL muscle was not significantly different between in preferred hip abduction and in hip abduction with LS (p=.06). The muscle activity of GM was increased significantly in hip abduction with LS more than in preferred hip abduction (p<.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that hip abduction with LS could be recommended as a hip abduction for LS and a prevention unwanted compensatory pelvic lateral tilting movement.