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http://dx.doi.org/10.7740/kjcs.2018.63.2.131

Identification and Quantification of Phytosterols in Maize Kernel and Cob  

Kim, Sun-Lim (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Kim, Mi-Jung (Research Policy Bureau of Rural Development Administration)
Jung, Gun-Ho (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Lee, Yu-Young (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Son, Beom-Young (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Kim, Jung-Tae (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Lee, Jin-Seok (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Bae, Hwan-Hee (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Go, Young-Sam (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Kim, Sang-Gon (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Baek, Seong-Bum (Department of Central Area Crop Science, NICS, RDA)
Publication Information
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE / v.63, no.2, 2018 , pp. 131-139 More about this Journal
Abstract
Unsaponifiables in the kernel and the cob of 7 maize varieties were analyzed by using thin-layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) for the identification of phytosterols and their concentrations. The unsaponifiables of the kernel were clearly separated into band I (campesterol, stigmasterol, and ${\beta}$-sitosterol), band II (${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol), band III (${\Delta}^7$- stigmastenol), and band IV (${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol). In the cob, on the other hand, three or more bands were separated in addition to bands. The GC analysis of unsaponifiables showed good separation of campesterol, stigmasterol and ${\beta}$-sitosterol, but the mixture of ${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol (retention time[RT] 22.846), ${\Delta}^7$-stigmastenol (RT 22.852), and ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol (RT 22.862) showed poor separation. Phytosterol content of the maize kernel was 635.9 mg/100 g, and that of the cob was 273.0 mg/100 g, respectively. The phytosterol content of the kernel was 2.4-fold higher than that of the cob. The phytosterol content of the kernel was higher in the order ${\beta}$sitosterol 80.05% > campesterol 10.5% > stigmasterol 9.46%, but that of the cob was higher in the order ${\beta}$-sitosterol 59.43% > stigmasterol 31.72% > campesterol 10.98%. Based on these results, it appears that the phytosterols of the maize kernel are synthesized in the maize cob and are transferred to the kernel, because the precursors (${\Delta}^7$-avenasterol, ${\Delta}^7$-stigmastenol, and ${\Delta}^5$-avenasterol) of major phytosterols were detected in maize cobs.
Keywords
cob; identification; kernel; maize; phytosterol; quantification;
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