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Changes of Field Establishment and Growth in Cover Crops Sown at Different Times  

Lee, Ji-Hyun (Organic Agriculture Division, NAAS, RDA)
Shim, Sang-In (Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University)
Kang, Chung-Kil (Organic Agriculture Division, NAAS, RDA)
Jee, Hyeong-Jin (Organic Agriculture Division, NAAS, RDA)
Lee, Hyeon-Bok (Inc. Tong Yang Leisure)
Lee, Byung-Mo (Organic Agriculture Division, NAAS, RDA)
Publication Information
KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE / v.54, no.2, 2009 , pp. 218-224 More about this Journal
Abstract
In organic fanning systems, integration of cover crops into cropping system are recommended to improve the soil quality, to prevent soil erosion, and to provide biological control of weeds. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the optimal seeding dates of major cover crops. To know optimal seeding dates, crimson clover, alfalfa, rye and hairy vetch were sown on 20. Sep., 27. Sep., 4. Oct., 11. Oct., 18. Oct., 25. Oct. Rye could germinate and grow well in all the tested sowing dates. Hence, it was concluded that the sowing of rye could be conducted later in fall or more earlier in spring than any other cover crops tested in this study. Growth and ground covering capacity were significantly decreased by late sowing in alfalfa and crimson clover. For safe overwintering, alfalfa and crimson clover should be sown before late September. Similarly, field emergence of hairy vetch was found to be sensitive to soil temperature, however, its growth and ground covering capacity after overwintering was enough to compensate the delay in sowing. Germination tests in laboratory revealed that hairy vetch grew faster at $25^{\circ}C$ compared to $20^{\circ}C$. The result suggested that germination and growth rate of hairy vetch was rapidly decreased at low temperature. Therefore, it is recommended that hairy vetch should be sown as soon as possible in September for improving stand establishment after overwintering.
Keywords
cover crop; crimson clover; alfalfa; rye; hairy vetch; sowing date; temperature influence;
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