Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.4313/JKEM.2006.19.12.1085

Effects Sintering Temperature on Electrical Properties of (Pr, Co, Cr, La)-doped ZnO Varistors  

Nahm, Choon-Woo (동의대학교 전기공학과)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers / v.19, no.12, 2006 , pp. 1085-1091 More about this Journal
Abstract
The microstructure, electrical properties, and its stability of (Pr, Co, Cr, La)-doped ZnO varistors were investigated at different sintering temperatures in the range of $1230{\sim}1300^{\circ}C$. As the sintering temperature increased, the sintered density increased from 5.50 to $5.77g/cm^3$, the varistor voltage decreased from 777.9 to 108.0 V/mm, the nonlinear coefficient decreased from 77.0 to 7.1, and the leakage current increased from $0.4{\mu}A\;to\;50.6{\mu}A$. On the other hand, the donor concentration increased from $0.90{\times}10^{18}\;to\;2.59{\times}10^{18}/cm^3$ and the barrier height decreased from 1.89 to 0.69 eV with increasing temperature. The stability of nonlinear electrical properties was obtained from sintering temperature of $1260^{\circ}C$. The varistors sintered at $1260^{\circ}C$ marked the high electrical stability, with $%{\Delta}V_{1mA}=+1.9%,\;%{\Delta}a=10.6%,\;and\;%{\Delta}I_L=+20%$ for DC accelerated aging stress state of $0.95V_{1mA}/150^{\circ}C/24h$.
Keywords
Electrical properties; DC accelerated aging stress; Stability; Varistors;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 J. C. Wurst and J. A. Nelson, 'Lineal intercept technique for measuring grain size in two-phase polycrystalline ceramics', J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 55, No. 97-12, p. 109, 1972
2 K. Mukae, K. Tsuda, and I. Nagasawa, 'Capacitance-vs-voltage characteristics of ZnO Varistors', J. Appl, Phys., Vol. 50, No. 6, p. 4475, 1979   DOI
3 L. Hozer, 'Semiconductor Ceramics; Grain Boundary Effects', Ellis Horwood, p. 22, 1994
4 J. Fan and R. Freer, 'Deep level transient spectroscopy of zinc oxide varistors doped with aluminum oxide and/or silver oxide', J. Amer. Cearm. Soc., Vol. 77, No. 10, p. 2663, 1994
5 T. K. Gupta and W. G. Carlson, 'A grain-boundary defect model for instability/ stability of a ZnO varistor', J. Mater. Sci., Vol. 20, p. 3487, 1985   DOI
6 A. B. Alles, R. Puskas, G. Callahan, and V. L. Burdick, 'Compositional effects on the liquid-phase sintering of praseodymium oxides-based zinc oxides varistors', J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 76, No. 8, p. 2098, 1993   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Y.-S. Lee, K.-S. Liao, and T.-Y. Tseng, 'Micro structure and crystal phases of praseodymium m zinc oxide varistor ceramics', J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 79, p. 2379, 1996   DOI   ScienceOn
8 H. H. Hng and K. M. Knowles, 'Microstructure and current-voltage characteristic of praseodymium-doped zinc oxide varistors containing $MnO_2$, $Sb_2O_3$, and $Co_3O_4$, J. Mater. Sci., Vol. 37, No. 6, p. 1143, 2002   DOI   ScienceOn
9 C.-W. Nahm, 'The nonlinear properties and stability of $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}-CoO-Cr_2O_3-Er_2O_3$ ceramic varistors', Mater. Lett., Vol. 47, No. 3, p. 182. 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
10 C.-W. Nahm, 'Microstructure and electrical properties of $Y_2O_3$ doped $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}$-based varistor', Mater. Lett., Vol 57, No. 7, p. 1317, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
11 C.-W. Nahm, and B.-C. Shin, 'Effect of sintering time on electrical characteristics and DC accelerated aging behaviors of Zn-Pr-Co-Cr-Dy oxide-based varistors', J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron., Vol. 16, No. 11-12, p. 725, 2005
12 C.-W. Nahm, 'Influence of Cobalt Oxide addition on nonlinear properties of $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}$-based varistor ceramics', J. Mater. Sci., Vol. 40, No. 5, p. 1265, 2005   DOI
13 남춘우, 박종아, 유대훈, 'Zn-Pr-Co-Cr-Er 산화물계 바리스터의 써지 스트레스에 대한 전기적 안정성에 미치는 소결온도의 영향', 전기전자재료학회논문지, 17권, 11호, p. 1167, 2004
14 남춘우, 박종아, 유대훈, '소결시간에 따른 $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}$ 계 바리스터의 전기적, 유전적 특성', 전기전자재료학회논문지, 18권, 6호, p. 543, 2005
15 T. K Gupta, 'Application of zinc dxide varistor', J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 73, No. 7, p. 1817, 1990
16 D. R. Clarke, 'Varistors ceramics', J. Amer. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 82, No. 3, p. 485, 1999
17 K Mukae, K Tsuda, and S. Shiga, 'Development of adanced arresters for GIS with new zinc-oxide elements', EEE Trans. Pow. Deliv., Vol. 3, No. 2, p. 591, 1988   DOI   ScienceOn
18 S. Shichimiya, M. Yamaguchi, N. Furuse, M. Kobayashi, and S. Ishibe, 'Development of advanced arresters for GIS with new zinc-oxide elements', IEEE Trans. Pow. Deliv., Vol. 13, No. 2, p. 465, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn
19 L. M. Levinson and H. R. Pilipp, 'Zinc oxide varistor-A review', Am. Ceram. Soc. Bull., Vol. 65, No. 4, p. 639, 1986
20 C.-W. Nahm and H.-S. Kim, 'Influence of cooling rate on stability of nonlinear properties of $ZnO-Pr_6O_{11}$-based varistor ceramics', Mater. Lett., Vol. 57, No. 9-10, p. 1544, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn