Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.9729/AM.2013.43.4.133

Effect of Pycnogenol on Skin Wound Healing  

Jeong, Moon-Jin (Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University)
Jeong, Soon-Jeong (Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University)
Lee, Soo-Han (College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University)
Kim, Young-Soo (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Choi, Baik-Dong (Department of Oral Histology and Developmental Biology, School of Dentistry, Chosun University)
Kim, Seung-Hyun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Go, Ara (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Se Eun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Kang, Seong-Soo (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Moon, Chang-Jong (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Jong-Choon (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Kim, Sung-Ho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Bae, Chun-Sik (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Applied Microscopy / v.43, no.4, 2013 , pp. 133-139 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the effects of pycnogenol (PYC) on the cutaneous wound healing of the mice. The wounds were extracted on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-injury for histomorphometrical analysis including wound area, infiltrating inflammatory cells, wound contracture including collagen deposition. As the result, the wound area of PYC-treated group was larger than the control group on days 1 to 7. Inflammatory cells in the PYC-treated wounds were decreased at day 1 compared to the control wound tissue. From day 3 to 7, there was no significant difference between the control and the PYC-treated skin wounds. Though the degree of contraction in the PYC-treated group was lower than that of the control group from days 1 to 5, but appeared significantly higher on day 7. Compared to the control group, collagen accumulation in the PYC-treated group was higher than that of the control group from days 5 to 7. From this result, it may support the possibility that PYC would be useful agent for early inflammatory response and matrix remodeling phase of the skin wounds.
Keywords
Skin wound healing; Pycnogenol; Mice;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Babior B M (2000) Phagocytes and oxidative stress. Am. J. Med. 109, 33-44.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Berryman A M, Maritim A C, Sanders R A, and Watkins III J B (2004) Influence of treatment of diabetic rats with combinations of pycnogenol, beta-carotene, and alpha-lipoic acid on parameters of oxidative stress. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 18, 345-352.
3 Blazso G, Gabor M, and Rohdewald P (1997) Anti-inflammatory activities of procyanidin containing extracts from Pinus pinaster Ait. after oral and cutaneous application. Pharmazie 52, 380-382.
4 Blazso G, Gabor M, Schonlau F, and Rohdewald P (2004) Pycnogenol accelerates wound healing and reduces scar formation. Phytother. Res. 18, 579-581.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Chida M, Suzuki K, Nakanishi-Ueda T, Ueda T, Koide R, and Armstrong D (1999) In vitro testing of antioxidants and biochemical end-point in bovine retinal tissue. Ophthalmic Res. 31, 407-415.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Cho K J, Yun C H, Yoon D Y, Cho Y S, Rimbach G, and Chung A S (2000) Effect of bioflavonoids extracted from the bark of Pinus maritima on proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-1 production in lipopolysaccharide- stimulated RAW 264.7. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 168, 64-71.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Chodorowska G and Rogus-Skorupska D (2004) Cutaneous wound healing. Ann. Univ. Mariae. Curie. Sklodowska. Med. 59, 403-407.
8 Clark R A F (1996) Wound repair: overview and general considerations. In: The Molecular and Cellular Biology of Wound Repair, eds. Clark R A and Henson P M, pp. 513-560, (Plenum Press, New York).
9 Devaraj S, Vega-Lopez S, Kaul N, and Jialal I (2002) Supplementation with a pine bark extract rich in polyphenols increases plasma antioxidant capacity and alters the plasma lipoprotein profile. Lipids 37, 931-934.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Eming S A, Krieg T, and Davidson J M (2007) Inflammation in wound repair: molecular and cellular mechanisms. J. Invest. Dermatol. 127, 514-525.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Grimm T, Chovanova Z, Muchova J, Durackova Z, and Hogger P (2006) Inhibition of NF-kappaB activation and MMP-9 secretion by plasma of human volunteers after ingestion of maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol). J. Inflamm. (Lond) 27, 1-6.
12 Han B, Jaurequi J, Tang B W, and Nimni M E (2003) Proanthocyanidin: a natural crosslinking reagent for stabilizing collagen matrices. J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 65, 118-124.
13 Kim Y S, Cho I H, Jeong M J, Jeong S J, Nah S Y, Cho Y S, Kim S H, Go A, Kim S E, Kang S S, Moon C J, Kim J C, Kim S H, and Bae C S (2011) Therapeutic effect of total ginseng saponin on skin wound healing. J. Ginseng Res. 35, 360-367.   과학기술학회마을   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Hinz B (2007) Formation and function of the myofibroblast during tissue repair. J. Invest. Dermatol. 127, 526-537.   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Hinz B, Mastrangelo D, Iselin C E, and Gabbiani G (2001) Mechanical tension controls granulation tissue contractile activity and myofibroblast differentiation. Am. J. Pathol. 159, 1009-1020.   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Hsu S (2005) Green tea and the skin. J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 52, 1049-1059.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Martin P (1997) Wound healing-aiming for perfect skin regeneration. Science 276, 75-81.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Packer L, Rimbach G, and Virgili F (1999) Antioxidant activity and biologic properties of a procyanidin-rich extract from pine (Pinus maritima) bark, pycnogenol. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 27, 704-724.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Rice-Evans C A, Miller N J, and Paganga G (1996) Structure-antioxidant activity relationships of flavonoids and phenolic acids. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 20, 933-956.   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Rohdewald P (2002) A review of the French maritime pine bark extract (Pycnogenol), a herbal medication with a diverse clinical pharmacology. Int. J. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 40, 158-168.   DOI
21 Shetty S, Udupa S, and Udupa L (2007) Evaluation of antioxidant and wound healing effects of alcoholic and aqueous extract of Ocimum sanctum Linn in rats. Evid. Based Complement Alternat. Med. 5, 95-101.
22 Wang Z Y, Zhang J, and Lu S L (2008) Objective evaluation of burn and post-surgical scars and the accuracy of subjective scar type judgment. Chin. Med. J. (Engl) 121, 2517-2520.
23 Sime S and Reeve V E (2004) Protection from inflammation, immunosuppression and carcinogenesis induced by UV radiation in mice by topical Pycnogenol. Photochem. Photobiol. 79, 193-198.   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Singer A J and Clark R A (1999) Cutaneous wound healing. N. Engl. J. Med. 341, 738-746.   DOI   ScienceOn
25 Virgili F, Kobuchi H, and Packer L (1998) Procyanidins extracted from Pinus maritima (Pycnogenol): scavengers of free radical species and modulators of nitrogen monoxide metabolism in activated murine RAW 264.7 macrophages. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 24, 1120-1129.   DOI   ScienceOn