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http://dx.doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2018.3.411

Assessment of the Cause and Pathway of Contamination and Sustainability in an Abandoned Mine  

Kim, Min Gyu (Dept. of Land, Water and Environment Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology)
Kim, Ki-Joon (SanHa Engineering & Construction Co., Ltd.)
Jeong, Gyo-Cheol (Dept. of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Andong National University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Engineering Geology / v.28, no.3, 2018 , pp. 411-429 More about this Journal
Abstract
Daeyoung mine (also called "Daema mine") produced gold and silver from mainly gold- and silver-bearing quartz veins. The mine tailings are a waste hazard, but most of the tailings were swept away or dispersed throughout the area around the mine long before the tailing dump areas were transformed into agricultural land. Soil liner and protection facilities, such as retaining walls, were constructed in the mine area to prevent the loss of tailings. The content of the tailings is 3,424.41~3,803.61 mg/kg, which exceeds the safety standard by a factor of 45. In addition, contamination was detected near agricultural areas and in the sediments in downstream drainage channels. A high level of As contamination was concentrated near the waste tailings yard; comparaable levels were detected in agricultural areas close to streams that ran through the waste dump yard, whereas the levels were much lower in areas far from the streams. The contamination in stream sediments showed a gradual decrease with distance from the mine waste yard. Based on these contamination patterns, we concluded that there are two main paths that affect the spread of contaminants: (1) loss of mine waste, and (2) the introduction of mine waste into agricultural areas by floods after transportation by streams. The agricultural areas contaminated by mass inflow of mine waste can act as contamination sources themselves, affecting other agricultural areas through the diffusion of contaminants. At present, although the measured effect in minimal, sediments in streams are contaminated by exposed mine waste and surface liners. It is possible for contaminants to diffuse or spread into nearby areas if heavy elements trapped in soil grains in contaminated agricultural areas leach out as soil solution or contaminant particles during diffusion into the water supply.
Keywords
abandoned mine; mine tailings; contamination; sediments; agricultural areas;
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