Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5229/JKES.2008.11.4.256

Surface Modification of Nafion by Layer-by-Layer Self-Assembled Films of Polyaniline and Sulfonated Poly(ether sulfone) for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell  

Ok, Jeong-Rim (Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Kim, Dong-Wook (Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Lee, Chang-Jin (Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Kang, Yong-Ku (Advanced Materials Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Electrochemical Society / v.11, no.4, 2008 , pp. 256-261 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, Nafion membrane was modified to prevent methanol crossover by layer-by-layer self assembly using polyaniline (PANi) as a polycation and sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES) as a polyanion onto the Nafion surface. Since PANi and SPES possess thermal and chemical stability and rigid backbone, their layer-by-layer self-assembled films on the Nafion are expected to reduce methanol permeability and to increase mechanical stability. UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy verified a linear build-up of the multilayers of PANi and SPES. We found that the thickness per bilayer was about 10 nm by TEM measurement. Although modified Nafion membrane exhibited 15% decrease of proton conductivity, it reduceded 67% of methanol permeability compared to that of the pristine Nafion membrane, resulting in 2.5 times larger selectivity. At the performance test of the fuel cell using 5M methanol as a fuel, the modified Nafion membrane showed 2.4 times higher maximum power density at $30^{\circ}C$ and 1.4 times larger at $60^{\circ}C$ than the pristine Nafion.
Keywords
Polyaniline; Poly(ether sulfone); Layer-by-layer self-assembly; Nafion membrane; Direct methanol fuel cells;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 K. M. Nouel and P. S. Fedkiw, 'Nafion-based Composite Polymer Electrolyte Membranes' Electrochim. Acta, 43, 2381 (1998)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 S. Tan and D. Blanger, 'Characterization and Transport Properties of Nafion/Polyaniline Composite Membranes' J. Phys. Chem. B, 109, 23480 (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
3 D. J. Jones and J. Roziere,v 'Recent advAnces in The Functionalization of Polybenzimidazole and Polyetherketone For Fuel Cell Applications' J. Membr. Sci., 185, 41 (2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
4 S. R. Narayanan, T. L. Valdez, and N. Rohatgi in "Handbook of Fuel Cells", Eds. By W. Vielstich, A. Lamm, and H.A. Gasteiger, John Wiley & Sons, West Sussex, 3, 894 (2003)
5 C. Manea and M. Mulder, 'Characterization of Polymer Blends of Polyethersulfone/Sulfonated Polysulfone and Polyethersulfone/sulfonated Polyetheretherketone For Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Applications' J. Membr. Sci., 206, 443 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 M. S. Wilson, and S. Gottesfeld, 'Thin-film Catalyst Layers for Polymer Electrolyte Fuel Cell Electrodes' J. Appl. Electrochem., 22, 1 (1992)   DOI
7 Q. Ye, T, and S. ZhaO, 'A Natural-circulation Fuel Delivery System for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells' J. Power Sources, 147, 196, (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
8 D. W. Kim, H. S. Choi, C. Lee, A. Blumstein, and Y. Kang, 'Investigation on Methanol Permeability of Nafion Modified by Self-assembled Clay-nanocomposite Multilayers' Electrochimica Acta, 50, 659 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
9 D. W. Kim, A. Blumstein, J. Kumar, L. A. Samuelson, B. Kang, and C. Sung, 'Ordered Multilayer Nanocomposites Prepared by Electrostatic Layer-by-Layer Assembly between Aluminosilicate Nanoplatelets and Substituted Ionic Polyacetylenes' Chem. Mater., 14, 3925 (2002)   DOI   ScienceOn
10 J. L. Casson, D. W. McBranch, J. M. Robinson, H. L. Wang, J. B. Roberts, P. A. Chiarelli, and M. S. Johal, 'Reversal of Interfacial Dipole Orientation in Polyelectrolyte Superlattices Due to Polycationic Layers' J. Phys. Chem. B, 104, 11996 (2000)   DOI   ScienceOn
11 D. W. Kim, J. Kumar, and A. Blumstein, 'Ordered Assembly of Conjugated Ionic Polyacetylenes Within Clay Nanoplatelets: Layer-by-layer Assembly and Intercalative Polymerization' Appl. Clay Sci., 30, 134 (2005)   DOI   ScienceOn
12 F. Zhang, N. Li, Z. Cui, S. Zhang, and S. Li, 'Novel Acid-base Polyimides Synthesized From Binaphthalene Dianhydride and Triphenylamine-containing Diamine As Proton Exchange Membranes' J. Membr. Sci., 314, 24 (2008)   DOI   ScienceOn
13 B. smitha, S. Sridhar, and A. A. Khan, 'Synthesis and Characterization of Proton Conducting Polymer Membranes For Fuel Cells' J. Membr. Sci., 225, 63 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
14 J. H. Cheung, W. B. Stockton, and M. F. Rubner, 'Molecular- Level Processing of Conjugated Polymer. 3. Layer-by-Layer Manipulation of Polyaniline via Electrostatic Interaction' Macromolecules, 30, 2712, (1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
15 M. Rikuawa and K. Sanui, 'Proton-Conducting Polymer Electrolyte Membranes Based on Hydrocarbon Polymers' Prog. Polym. Sci., 25, 1463 (2007)   DOI   ScienceOn
16 J. A. Kerres, 'Development of Ionomer Membranes for Fuel Cell' J. Membr. Sci., 185, 3 (2001)   DOI   ScienceOn
17 V. Tricoli, 'Proton and Methanol Transport in Poly (perfluoro -sulfonate) Membranes Containing Cs+ and H+ Cations' J. Electrochem. Soc., 145, 3798 (1998)   DOI
18 L. Li, J. Zhang, and Y. Wang, 'Sulfonated Poly(ether ether ketone) Membranes for Direct Methanol Fuel Cell' J. Membr. Sci., 226, 159 (2003)   DOI   ScienceOn
19 D. W. Kim, B. C. Ku, D. Steeves, R. Nagarajan, A. Blumstein, J. Kumar, P. W. Gibson, J. A. Ratto, and L. A. Samuelson, 'Hydrophobic Barrier: Molecular Selfassembly of Amphiphilic Polyacetylenes Within Aluminosilicate Nanoplatelets' J. Membr. Sci., 275, 12 (2006)   DOI   ScienceOn
20 J. Ok, D. W. Kim, C. Lee, W.C. Choi, S. Cho, and Y. Kang, 'Methanol Barriers Derived from Layer-by-Layer Assembly of Poly(ethersulfone)s for High Performance Direct Methanol Fuel Cells' Bull. Korean Chem. Soc., 29, 842 (2008)   DOI   ScienceOn
21 W. B. Stockton, and M. F. Rubner, 'Molecular-Level Processing of Conjugated Polymer. 4. Layer-by-Layer Manipulation of Polyaniline via Hydrogen-Bonding Interaction' Macromolecules, 30, 2717 (1997)   DOI   ScienceOn
22 F. Xie, C. Chen, H. Meng, and P. K. Shen, 'Effect of the Anodic Diffusion Layer on the Performance of Liquid Fuel Cells' Fuel Cells, 7, 319 (2007)   DOI   ScienceOn