Browse > Article

Effects of Robot-Assisted Arm Training on Muscle Activity of Arm and Weight Bearing in Stroke Patients  

Yang, Dae-jung (Dept. of Physical Therapy, College of Health, Sehan University)
Lee, Yong-seon (Dept. of Physical Therapy, Graduate School of Sehan University)
Publication Information
The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy / v.28, no.1, 2022 , pp. 71-80 More about this Journal
Abstract
Background: This study investigated the effect of robot-assisted arm training on muscle activity of arm and weight bearing in stroke patients. Methods: The study subjects were selected 20 stroke patients who met the selection criteria. 10 people in the robot-assisted arm training group and 10 people in the task-oriented arm training group were randomly assigned. The experimental group performed robot-assisted arm training, and the control group performed task-oriented arm training for 6 weeks, 5 days a week, 30 minutes a day. The measurement tools included surface electromyography and smart insole system. Data were analyzed using independent sample t-test and the paired sample t-test. Results: Comparing the muscle activity of arm within the group, the experimental group and the control group showed significant differences in muscle activity in the biceps brachii, triceps brachii, anterior deltoid, upper trapezius, middle trapezius, and lower trapezius. Comparing the muscle activity of arms between the groups, the experimental group showed significant difference in all muscle activity of arm compared to the control group. Comparing the weight bearing within the groups, the experimental group showed significant difference in the affected side and non-affected side weight bearings and there were significant differences in anterior and posterior weight bearing. The control group showed significant difference only in the non-affected side weight bearing. Comparing the weight bearings between groups, the experimental group showed significant difference in the affected side and non-affected side weight bearings compared to the control group. Conclusion: This study confirmed that robot-assisted arm training applied to stroke patients for 6 weeks significantly improved muscle activity of arm and weight bearing. Based on these results, it is considered that robot-assisted arm training can be a useful treatment in clinical practice to improve the kinematic variables in chronic stroke patients.
Keywords
Muscle activity; Robot-assisted arm training; Weight bearing;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Basteris A, Nijenhuis SM, Stienen AH, et al. Training modalities in robot-mediated upper limb rehabilitation in stroke: A framework for classification based on a systematic review. Journal of Neuroeng Rehabiltation. 2014;11(1):111. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-11-111.   DOI
2 Camara KD, Coburn JW, Dunnick DD, et al. An examination of muscle activation and power characteristics while performing the dead lift exercise with straight and hexagonal barbells. The Journal of Strength & Conditioning Research. 2016;30(5):1183-1188. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000001352.   DOI
3 Esquenazi A, Packel A. Robotic-assisted gait training and restoration. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2012;91(11):217-231. https://doi.org/10.1097/PHM.0b013e31826bce18.   DOI
4 Baets LD, Deun SV, Monari D, et al. Three-dimensional kinematics of the scapula and trunk, and associated scapular muscle timing in individuals with stroke. Hum Mov Sci. 2016;48:82-90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.humov.2016.04.009.   DOI
5 Bertani R, Melegari C, De Cola MC, et al. Effects of robot-assisted upper limb rehabilitation in stroke patients: A systematic review with meta-analysis. Neurol Sci. 2017;38(9):1561-1569. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10072-017-2995-5.   DOI
6 Brauer SG, Hayward KS, Carson RG, et al. The efficacy of smart arm training early after stroke for stroke survivors with severe up- per limb disability: A protocol for a randomised controlled trial. BMC Neurol, 2013;13:71. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2377-13-71.   DOI
7 Carpinella I, Lencioni T, Bowman T, et al. Effects of robot therapy on upper body kinematics and arm function in persons post stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2020;17(1):1-19. https://doi.org/10.1186/s 12984-020-0646-1.   DOI
8 Choi MC, Yang SE, Kim MJ, et al. Reliability and validity of smart insole sensor for contact time during walking. Korean Physical Education Association For Women. 2021;35(3):119-129. https://doi.org/10.16915/jkapesgw.2021.9.35.3.119.   DOI
9 Flynn S, Palma P, Bender A. Feasibility of using the sony play-station 2 gaming platform for an individual poststroke: A case report. J Neurol Phys Ther. 2007;31(4):180-189. https://doi.org/10.1097/NPT.0b013e31815d00d5.   DOI
10 Johnson W, Onuma O, Owolabi M, et al. Stroke: A global response is needed. Bull World Health Organ. 2016;94(9):634-634A. https://doi.org/10.2471/BLT.16.181636.   DOI
11 Jung JH. The effect of Task-Oriented Movement Therapy on Upper Extremity, Upper Extremity Function and Activities of Daily Living for Stroke Patients. Graduate school of Rehabilitation Science Daegu University. Department of Occupational Therapy. Master Thesis. 2009.
12 Pereira S, Silva CC, Ferreira S, et al. Anticipatory postural adjustments during sitting reach movement in post-stroke subjects. J Electromyogr Kinesiol. 2014;24:165-171. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jelekin.2013.10.001.   DOI
13 Jang MH, Ahn SJ, Lee JW, et al. Validity and reliability of the newly developed surface electromyography device for measuring muscle activity during voluntary isometric contraction. Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine. 2018;40(6):4068493. https://doi.org/10.1155/20 18/4068493.   DOI
14 Kim EK, Kang JH, Lee HM. Effects of virtual reality based game on balance and upper extremity function in chronic stroke patients. Journal of Special Education & Rehabilitation Science. 2010;49(3):131-149. https://doi.org/G704-001516.2010.49.3.014.
15 Korean Statistical Information Service (KOSIS). 2021. https://kosis.kr/index/index.do.
16 Kim MS. Effect of robot assisted rehabilitation based on visual feedback in post stroke pusher syndrome. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society. 2016;17(10):562-568. https://doi.org/10.5762/KAIS.2016.17.10.562.   DOI
17 Seo MS, Shin MJ, Park TS, et al. Clinometric gait analysis using smart insoles in patients with hemiplegia after stroke: Pilot study. JMIR Mhealth and Uhealth. 2020;8(9):e22208. https://doi.org/10.2196/22208.   DOI
18 Silva CF, Pereira S, Silva CC, et al. Anticipatory postural adjustments in the shoulder girdle in the reach movement performed in standing by post-stroke subjects. Somatosens Mot Res. 2018;35(2):124-130. https://doi.org/10.1080/08990220.2018.1484354.   DOI
19 Taveggia G, Borboni A, Salvi L, et al. Efficacy of robot-assisted rehabilitation for the functional recovery of the upper limb in post-stroke patients: A randomized controlled study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2016;52(6):767-773.
20 Winstein CJ, Rose DK, Tan SM, et al. Randomized controlled comparison of upper-extremity rehabilitation strategies in acute stroke: A pilot study of immediate and long-term outcomes. Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation, 2004;85(4):620-628. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apmr.2003.06.027.   DOI
21 Langhorne P, Bernhardt J, Kwakkel G. Stroke rehabilitation. Lancet. 2011;377(9778):1693-1702. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-673 6(11)60325-5.   DOI
22 Park Sh, Kim Bs, Lee Mm. The effect of trunk control training using virtual reality game-based training program on balance and upper extremity function of Subacute stroke patients. Journal of Convergence for Information Technology. 2019;9(5):172-179. https://doi.org/10.22156/CS4SMB.2019.9.5.172.   DOI
23 Graef P, Dadalt MLR, Rodrigues D, et al. Transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with upper-limb training for improving function after stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Neurol Sci. 2016;369:149-158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2016.08.016.   DOI
24 Sale P, Franceschini M, Mazzolebi SE, et al. Effects of upper limb robot-assisted therapy on motor recovery in subacute stroke patients. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2014;11(1):104. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-11-104.   DOI
25 Timmermans AA, Lemmens RJ, Monfrance M, et al. Effects of task-oriented robot training on arm function, activity, and quality of life in chronic stroke patients: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Neuro Engineering & Rehabilitation (JNER), 2014;11(1):45-53. https://doi.org/10.1186/1743-0003-11-45.   DOI
26 Verheyden G, Vereeck L, Truijen S, et al. Additional exercises improve trunk performance after stroke: A pilot randomized controlled trial. Neuro Rehabilitation and Neural Repair. 2009;23(3):281-286. https://doi.org/10.1177/1545968308321776.   DOI
27 Yiou E, Mezaour M, Le Bozec S. Anticipatory postural adjustmentsand focal performance during bilateral forward-reach task under different stance conditions. Motor Control. 2009;13:142-160. https://doi.org/10.1123/mcj.13.2.142.   DOI
28 Kim Jh. A Study on the Therapeutic Effect of the Upper Limb Rehabilitation Robot "Camillo" and Improvement of Clinical Basis in Stroke Patients with Hemiplegia. Graduate School of Dongguk University. Department of medical device industry. Master Thesis. 2021.
29 Song GB, Park EC. Comparison of the effects of task-oriented training and virtual reality training on upper extremity function, balance ability, and depression in stroke patients. Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine. 2016;11(1):115-125. https://doi.org/10.13066/kspm.2016.11.1.115.   DOI