Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2014.19.5.035

The Removal Efficacy of Heavy Metals and Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons from Contaminated Soils by Integrated Bio-phytoremediation  

Lai, Wen-Liang (Dept. of Environmental Science and Occupational Safety and Hygiene, Tajen University)
Lee, Fang-Yin (Dept. of Environmental Science and Occupational Safety and Hygiene, Tajen University)
Chen, Colin S. (Dept. of Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung Normal University)
Hseu, Zeng-Yei (Dept. of Environ. Sci. and Engineering, Pingtung University of Sci. and Technology)
Kuo, Yau-Lun (Dept. of Forestry, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.19, no.5, 2014 , pp. 35-44 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, the bio-phytoremediation and phytoremediation technologies were applied to the soils contaminated with total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH) and heavy metals to evaluate the remediation efficacy from May 2012 to December 2013. Poplar (Populus bonatii Levl.) and Sun Hemp (Crotalaria juncea L.) were selected and planted in phytoremediation practice. These plants were also utilized in the bio-phytoremediation practice, with the addition of earthworm (Eisenia fetida) and petroleum-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonos sp. NKNU01). Furthermore, physiological characteristics, such as photosynthesis rate and maximal photochemical yield, of all testing plants were also measured in order to assess their health conditions and tolerance levels in adverse environment. After 20 months of remedial practice, the results showed that bio-phytoremediation practice had a higher rate of TPH removal efficacy at 30-60 cm depth soil than that of phytoremediation. However, inconsistent results were discovered while analyzing the soil at 100 cm depth. The study also showed that the removal efficiency of heavy metals was lower than that of TPH after remediation treatment. The results from test field tissue sample analysis revealed that more Zinc than Chromium was absorbed and accumulated by the tested plants. Plant height measurements of Poplar and Sun Hemp showed that there were insignificant differences of growth between the plants in remediation plots and those in the control plot. Physiological data of Poplar also suggested it has higher tolerance level toward the contaminated soils. These results indicated that the two testing plants were healthy and suitable for this remediation study.
Keywords
Total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPH); Bio-phytoremediation; Phytoremediation; Earthworm; Petroleum-degrading bacteria; Poplar; Sun Hemp;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Baker, A.J.M., McGrath, S.P., Reeves, R.D., and Smith, J.A.C., 2000, Metal hyperaccumulator plants: A review of the ecology and physiology of a biological resource for phytoremediation of metal-polluted soils, In: Phytoremediation of contaminated soil and water, Lewis Publishers, New York.
2 Cavalca, L., Di Gennaro, P., Colombo, M., Andreoni, A., Bernasconi, S., and Bestetti, G., 2000, Distribution of catabolic pathways in some degrading bacteria of a subsurface polluted soil, Research Microbiology, 151, 877-887.   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Baker, A.J.M., McGrath, S.P., Reeves, R.S., and Smith, J.A.C., 1998, Metal hyperaccumulator plant: a review of the ecology and physiology of a biological resource for phytoremediation of metal-polluted soils, in: N. Terry, and G.N. Bannelos (Eds.), Phytoremediation of Contaminated Soil and Water, Lewis Publ., FL, USA, p. 85-107.
4 Blaylock, M.J., Salt, D.E., Dushenkov, S., Zakharova, O., Gussman, C., Kapulnik, Y., Ensley, B.D., and Raskin, I., 1997, Enhanced accumulation of Pb in Indian mustard by soil-applied chelating agents, Environ. Sci. Technol., 31, 860-865.   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Cassidy, D.P. and Hudak, A.J., 2001, Microorganism selection and biosurfactant production in a continuously and periodically operated bioslurry reactor, 84(2-3), 253-264.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Carman, E.P., Crossman, T.L., and Gatliff, E.G., 1998, Phytoremediation of No. 2 fuel oil-contaminated soil, Journal of Soil Contamination, 7(4), 455-466.   DOI   ScienceOn
7 Collins, C.D., 2007, Implementing Phytoremediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbons, Methods in Biotechnology, 23(1), 99-108.   DOI
8 Cunningham, S.D. and Ow, D.W., 1996, Promises and prospect of phytoremediation, Plant Physiol., 110, 715-719.   DOI
9 Etim, E.E., 2012, Phytoremediation and Its Mechanisms: A Review, International Journal of Environment and Bioenergy, 2(3), 120-136.
10 Euliss, K., Ho, C.H., Schwab, A.P., Rock, S., and Banks, M.K., 2008, Green house and field assessment of phytoremediation for petroleum contaminants in riparian zone, Bioresource Technology, 99, 1961-1971.   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Lasat, M.M., 2002, Phytoextraction of toxic metals: a review of biological mechanisms, J. Environ. Qual., 31, 109-120.   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Huang, X.D., El-Alawi Y., Gurska, J., Glick, B.R., and Greenberg, B.M., 2005, A multi-process phytoremediation system for decontamination of persistent total petroleum hydrocarbons (TPHs) from soils, Microchemical Journal, 81, 139-147.   DOI   ScienceOn
13 ITRC, 2009, Phytotechnology technical and regulatory guidance and decision trees, The interstate Technology & Regulatory Council.
14 Kabata-Pendias, A., 2010,Trace elements in soils and plants (4th ed.). CRC Press, Florida.
15 Lorestani, B., Cheraghi, M., and Yousefi, N., 2011, Accumulation of Pb, Fe, Mn, Cu and Zn in plants and choice of hyperaccumulator in the industrial town of Vian, Iran, Arch. Biol. Sci., Belgrade, 63(3), 739-745   DOI
16 Watanabe, M.E., 1997, Phytoremediation on the brink of commercialization, Environmental Science & Technology, 31(4), 182-186.   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Parrish, Z.D., White , J.C., Isleyen, M., Gent, M.P., Iannucci-Berger, W., Eitzer, B.D., Kelsey, J.W., and Mattina, M.I., 2006, Accumulation of weathered polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by plant earthworm species, Chemosphere, 64 (4), 609-618.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 Pulford, I.D. and Watson, C., 2003, Phytoremediation of heavy metal-contaminated land by tree-A review, Environ. Int., 29, 529-540.   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Raskin, I. and Ensley, B.D., 2000, Recent developments for in situ treatment of metal contaminated soils, in: Phytoremediation of toxic metals: using plants to clean up the environment, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York.
20 Critcchley, C., 1998, Photoinhibition. In: Photosynthesis, A.S. Raghavendra(ed.), Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, p. 264-272.