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Synthesis of Oxidation Resistant Core-shell Nanoscale Zero-valent Iron by Controlled Air Contact  

Ahn, Jun-Young (Department School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
Kim, Hong-Seok (Department School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
Hwang, In-Seong (Department School of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Pusan National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.13, no.6, 2008 , pp. 93-102 More about this Journal
Abstract
Experimental studies were conducted to characterize the synthesized nanoscale zero-valent iron (NZVI) which is resistant to oxidation in the atmospheric environment. XRD, XPS, and TEM analyses revealed that the oxidation-resistant NZVI particles formed under various controlled air contact conditions (4, 8 and 12 mL/min) have shells with ${\sim}$5 nm thickness. The shells consist of magnetite (${Fe_3}{O_4}$) and maghemite (${\gamma}-{Fe_2}{O_3}$), predominantly. No substantial differences were found in the shell components and thickness among NZVI particles formed under the various air flow rates. On the other hand, shell was not detected in the TEM image of rapidly oxidized NZVI particles. NZVI particles synthesized under the various air flow rates showed similar TCE degradation performances ($k_{obs}$= 0.111, 0.102, and 0.086 $hr^{-1}$), which are equivalent to approximately 80% of those obtained by the fresh NZVI particles. TCE degradation efficiencies of the NZVI particles(fresh, controlled air contact and rapidly oxidized) were improved after equilibrating with water for one day, indicating that depassivation of the shells occurred. The performances of NZVI particles decreased to 90% and 50% of those of the fresh NZVI particles, when they were equilibrated with the atmosphere for a week and two months, respectively. The NZVI particles synthesized under the controlled air contact would have advantages over traditional NZVI particles in terms of practical application into the site, because of their inertness toward atmospheric oxygen.
Keywords
NZVI; Air Contact Control; Oxidation Resistant Shell; Reductive Dechlorination; TCE;
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