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Microbial Adaptation in a Nitrate Removal Column Reactor Using Sulfur-Based Autotrophic Denitrification  

Shin, Do-Yun (School of Civil, Urban and Geosystem Engineering, Seoul National University)
Moon, Hee-Sun (School of Civil, Urban and Geosystem Engineering, Seoul National University)
Kim, Jae-Young (School of Civil, Urban and Geosystem Engineering, Seoul National University)
Nam, Kyoung-Phile (School of Civil, Urban and Geosystem Engineering, Seoul National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.11, no.2, 2006 , pp. 38-44 More about this Journal
Abstract
Two sulfur-based column reactors inoculated with a bacterial consortium containing autotrophic denitrifiers were operated for 100 and 500 days, respectively and nitrate removal efficiency and the adaptation of microbial communities in the columns were monitored with column depths and time. For better understanding the adaptation phenomenon, molecular techniques including 16S rDNA sequencing and DGGE analysis were employed. Although both columns showed about 99% of nitrate removal efficiency heterotrophic denitrifiers such as Cenibacterium arsenioxidans and Geothrix fermentans were found to a significant portion at the initial stage of the 100-day reactor operation. However, as operation time increased, an autotrophic denitrifier Thiobacillus denitrificans became a dominant bacterial species throughout the column. A similar trend was also observed in the 500-day column. In addition, nitrate removal efficiencies were different with column depths and thus bacterial species with different metabolic activities were found at the corresponding depths. Especially, T. denitrificans was successfully adapted and colonized at the bottom parts of the columns where most nitrate was reduced.
Keywords
Sulfur-based autotrophic denitrification; Permeable reactive barrier; 16S rDNA; DGGE; Thiobacillus denitrificans;
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