Browse > Article

Surfactant Selection for the Enhanced Biological Degradation of Toluene  

Kim Yong-Sik (Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Korea University)
Son Young-Gyu (Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Korea University)
Khim Jee-Hyeong (Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Korea University)
Song Ji-Hyeon (Dept. of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Sejong University)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.10, no.4, 2005 , pp. 26-32 More about this Journal
Abstract
Surfactants can be used to enhance the mass transfer rate of hydrophobic compounds into the biologically active liquid phase, resulting in an increase in biodegradation rate of toluene. In this study, the mass transfer rate and the biocompatibility of toluene in the presence of various surfactants were evaluated. Four anionic and non ionic surfactants were tested: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SOS), TritonX-100, Tween 80, and BYK-345 (silicone surfactant). Experimental results showed that BYK-345 at the critical micelle concentration (CMC) enhanced the solubility of toluene. However, there was no increase in the solubility of toluene by SOS and TritonX-100 at their CMCs. With the addition of each surfactant into deionized water the mass transfer rate became faster than that of the case with no surfactant. A bottle study using toluene-degrading microorganisms showed that SOS seriously reduced toluene removal presumably due to the toxicity of the anionic surfactant and/or the substrate competition between the surfactant and toluene. In addition, the degradation rate of toluene was decreased in the presence of BYK-345, indicating that BYK-345 adversely affects the activity of microorganisms. However, TritonX-100 and Tween 80 did not decrease the degradation rate of toluene significantly. Rather, at the low concentration of TritonX-100 toluene degradation rate was even increased. Overall the experimental results suggest that TritonX-100 be the appropriate surfactant for enhanced biological degradation of toluene.
Keywords
Surfactant; Biocompatibility; Toluene solubility; Mass transfer rate;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Heyder, B.D., Vanrolleghem, P., and Lagenhove, H.V., 1997, Kinetic characterization of mass transfer limited biodegradation of a low water soluble gas in batch experiments-Necessity for multiresponse fitting, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 55(3), 512-519
2 Hill, RM, 1999, Siloxane surfactant. In: Hill RM, editor. Silicone surfactants, New York: Marcel Dekker Inc
3 Huang, H.L., Lee, W.M., and Grace, 2001, Enhanced naphthalene solubility in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate: effect of critical micelle concentration, Chemosphere, 44, 963-972   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Deeb, R.A. and Alvarez-Cohen, L., 1999, Temperature effect and substrate influence during the aerobic biotransformation of BTEX mixtures by toluene-enriched consortia and Rhodococcus rhodochrous, Biotechnol. Bioeng., 62(5), 526-536   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Kim, I.S., Park, J.S., and Kim, K.W., 2001, Enhanced biodegradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using nonionic surfactants in soil slurry. Appl. Geochem., 16, 1419-1428   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Falatko, D.M., 1991, Effects of biologically reduced surfactants on the mobility and biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, MS thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blackburg, VA
7 Yeh, D.H., Pennell, K.D., and Pavlostathis, S.G, 1999, Effect of Tween surfactants on methanogenesis and microbial reductive dechlorination of hexachlorobenzene, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 18(7), 1408-1416   DOI
8 Muligan. C.N. and Gibbs, B.F., 1993, Factors influencing the economics of biosurfactants, In: Kosaric, N (Ed.), Biosurfactants, Production, Properties, Applications. marcel Dekker, New York, p. 329-391
9 Yang, C. and Zhu, X, 2004, Removal of a volatile organic compound in a hybrid rotting drum biofilter, J. Environ. Eng., 130(3), 282-291   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Muligan, C.N., Yong, R.N., and Gibbs, B.F., 2001, Surfactantenhanced remediation of contaminated soil: A review, Eng. Geol., 60, 371-380   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Deshpande, S., Shiau, BJ., Wade, D., Sabatini D.A., and Harwell, J.R, 1999, Surfactant selection for enhancing ex situ soil washing, Water Res., 33(2), 351-360   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Song, J.H., 2001, Control and characterization of biomass activity and distribution in vapor-phase bioreactor for VOC removal, Doctoral thesis, the University of Texas at Austin
13 Cserhati, T., Forgacs, E., and Oros, G., 2002, Biological activity and environmental impact of anionic surfactants, Environ. International, 28, 337-348   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Hiller G.K. and Wandruszka R.V., 1995, Decontamination of oilpolluted soil by cloud point extraction. Talanta, 42(1), 83-88   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Chang, M.C., Huang, C.R., and Shu, RY., 2000, Effects of surfactants on extraction of phenanthrene in spiked sand, Chemosphere, 41, 1295-1300   DOI   ScienceOn
16 Edwards, D.A., Luthy, R.G., and Liu, Z., 1991, Solubilization of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in micellar nonionic surfactant solutions, Environ. Sci. Technol, 25(1), 127-133   DOI
17 Maurice, R., Porter & Associates Handbook of Surfactants, 2nd ed., 1994
18 Staudinger, J. and Roberts, P.V., 2001, A critical compilation of Henry's law constant temperature dependence relations for organic compounds in dilute aqueous solutions, Chemosphere, 44, 561-576   DOI   ScienceOn
19 Goudar, C., Strevett, K., and Grego, J., 1999, Competitive substrate biodegradation during surfactant- enhanced remediation, J. Environ. Eng., 125(12), 1142-1148   DOI
20 Deeb, R.A. and Alvarez-Cohen, L., 1999, Temperature effects and substrate interactions during the aerobic biotransformation of BTEX mixtures by toluene-enriched consortia and Rhodococcus rhodochrous. Biotechnol. Bioeng., 62(5), 526-536   DOI   ScienceOn