Browse > Article

Application of the Homogenization Analysis to Calculation of a Permeability Coefficient  

채병곤 (한국지질자원연구원 지질환경재해연구부)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.9, no.1, 2004 , pp. 79-86 More about this Journal
Abstract
Hydraulic conductivity along rock fracture is mainly dependent on fracture geometries such as orientation, aperture, roughness and connectivity. Therefore, it needs to consider fracture geometries sufficiently on a fracture model for a numerical analysis to calculate permeability coefficient in a fracture. This study performed new type of numerical analysis using a homogenization analysis method to calculate permeability coefficient accurately along single fractures with several fracture models that were considered fracture geometries as much as possible. First of all, fracture roughness and aperture variation due to normal stress applied on a fracture were directly measured under a confocal laser scaning microscope (CLSM). The acquired geometric data were used as input data to construct fracture models for the homogenization analysis (HA). Using the constructed fracture models, the homogenization analysis method can compute permeability coefficient with consideration of material properties both in microscale and in macroscale. The HA is a new type of perturbation theory developed to characterize the behavior of a micro inhomogeneous material with a periodic microstructure. It calculates micro scale permeability coefficient at homogeneous microscale, and then, computes a homogenized permeability coefficient (C-permeability coefficient) at macro scale. Therefore, it is possible to analyze accurate characteristics of permeability reflected with local effect of facture geometry. Several computations of the HA were conducted to prove validity of the HA results compared with the empirical equations of permeability in the previous studies using the constructed 2-D fracture models. The model can be classified into a parallel plate model that has fracture roughness and identical aperture along a fracture. According to the computation results, the conventional C-permeability coefficients have values in the range of the same order or difference of one order from the permeability coefficients calculated by an empirical equation. It means that the HA result is valid to calculate permeability coefficient along a fracture. However, it should be noted that C-permeability coefficient is more accurate result than the preexisting equations of permeability calculation, because the HA considers permeability characteristics of locally inhomogeneous fracture geometries and material properties both in microscale and macroscale.
Keywords
homogenization analysis; roughness; aperture; confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM); C-permeability coefficient;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Zimmerman, R.W., Chen, D., and Cook, N.G.W., 'The effect of contact area on the permeability of fractures', Jour. Hydrology, 139(1-4), pp. 79-96 (1992)   DOI   ScienceOn
2 Cook, A.M., Myer, L.R., Cook, N.G.W., and Doyle, F.M. 'The effects of tortuosity on flow through a natural fracture', Proc. 31st U.S. Symp. Rock Mech., pp. 371-378 (1990)
3 Pyrak-Nolte, L.J., Cook, N.G.W, and Nolte, D.D., 'Fluid percolation through single fractures', Geophys. Res. Lett., 15(11), pp. 1247-1250 (1988)   DOI
4 Neuzil, C.E., and Tracy, J.V., 'Flow through fractures', Water Resour. Res., 17(1), pp. 191-199 (1981)   DOI
5 Witherspoon, P.A., Wang, J.S.Y., Iwai, K., and Gale, J.E., 'Validity of cubic law for fluid flow in a deformable rock fracture', Water Resour. Res., 16(6), pp. 1016-1024 (1980)   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Brown, S.R., 'Transport of fluid and electric current through a single fracture', Jour. Geophys. Res., 94(B7), pp. 9429-9438 (1989)   DOI
7 Zimmerman, R.W., and Bodvarsson, G.S., 'Hydraulic conductivity of rock fractures', Transp. Porous Media, 23, pp. 1-30 (1996)
8 Gale, J.E. 'Hydraulic behavior of rock joints', Proc. Int. Symp. Rock Joints, pp. 351-362 (1990)
9 Chae, B.G., Ichikawa, Y., Jeong, G.C., Seo, Y.S., and Kim, B.C., 'Roughness measurement of rock discontinuities using a confocal laser scanning microscope and the Fourier spectral analysis', Engineering Geoi. 72, pp. 181-199 (2004)   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Sanchez-Palencia, E., 'Non-homogeneous media and vibration theory', Springer-Verlag, p. 398 (1980)
11 Piggott, A.R., and Elsworth, D., 'Analytical models for flow through obstructed domains', Jour. Geophys. Res., 97(B2), pp. 2085-2093 (1992)   DOI
12 Thompson, M.E., and Brown, S.R., 'The effect of anisotro-pic surface roughness on flow and transport in fractures', Jour. Geophys. Res., 96(B13), pp. 21, 923-21, 932 (1991)   DOI
13 Pyrak-Nolte, L.J., Myer, L.R., Cook, N.G.W., and Witherspoon, P.A. 'Hydraulic and mechanical properties of natural fractures in low permeability rock', Proc. Int. Congr. Rock Mech., 6(1), pp. 225-231 (1987)
14 Walsh, J.B., and Brace, W.F., 'The effect of pressure on porosity and the transport properties of rock', Int. Jour. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 18, pp. 429-435 (1984)
15 Chae, B.G., Ichikawa, Y., Jeong, G.C., and Seo, Y.S., 'Aperture of Granite Fracture and Effects for Fluid Flow', Materials Sci. Res. Int., 9(4), pp. 270-277 (2003)
16 Gale, J.E. 'The effects of fracture type (induced versus nat-ural) on the stress-fracture closure-fracture permeability relationships', Proc. 23rd U. S. Symp. Rock Mech., pp. 290-298 (1982)
17 Rehshaw, C.E., 'On the relationship between mechanical and hydraulic apertures in rough-walled fractures', Jour. Geophys. Res., 100(B12), pp. 24629-24636 (1995)   DOI
18 Snow, D.T., 'A parallel plate model of fractured permeable media', Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, U.S.A., p. 331 (1965)
19 Ichikawa, Y., Kawamura, K, Nakano, M., Kitayama, K, and Kawamura, H., 'Unified molecular dynamics and homogenization analySIS for bentonite behavior: current results and future possibilities', Engineering Geoi., 54, pp. 21-31 (1999)   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Louis, C.A., 'A study of groundwater flow in jointed rock and its influence on the stability of rock masses', Rock Mech. Res. Report, 10 (1969)
21 Iwai, K., 'Fundamental studies of fluid flow through a single fracture', Ph.D. Thesis, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, U.S.A., (1976)
22 Kranz, R.L., Frankel, A., and Engelder, T., 'The permeabil-ity of whole and jointed Barre Granite', Eos Trans. AGU, 58(12), pp. 1229 (1979)
23 Long, R.R., 'Mechanics of solids and fluids', Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J. (1961)
24 Taylor, W.L., Pollard, D.D., and Aydin, A., 'Fluid flow in discrete joint sets: Field observations and numerical simulations', Jour. Geophys. Res., 104(B12), pp. 28,983-29,006 (1999)
25 Trimmer, D., Bonner, B., Heard, H.C., and Duba, A., 'Effect of pressure and stress on water transport in intact and frac-tured gabbro and granite', Jour. Geophys. Res., 85(B 12), pp. 7059-7071 (1980)   DOI
26 Brown, S.R., 'Fluid flow through rock joints; The effect of surface roughness', Jour. Geophys. Res., 92(B2), pp. 1337-1347 (1987)   DOI
27 Paillet, F.L., Hess, A.E., Cheng, C.H., and Hardin, E., 'Characterization of fracture permeability with high resolu-tion vertical flow measurements during borehole pumping', Ground Water, 25(1), pp. 28-40 (1987)   DOI   ScienceOn
28 Tsang, Y.W., and Witherspoon, P.A., 'The dependence of fracture mechanical and fluid flow properties on fracture roughness and sample size', Jour Geophys. Res., 88(B3), pp. 2359-2366 (1983)   DOI
29 Raven, K.G., and Gale, J.E., 'Water flow in a natural rock fracture as a function of stress and sample size', Int. Jour. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. Geomech. Abstr., 22(4), pp. 251-261 (1985)   DOI   ScienceOn
30 Tsang, Y.W., and Witherspoon, P.A., 'Hydromechanical behavior of a deformable rock fracture subject to normal stress', Jour. Geophys. Res., 86(B10), pp. 9287-9298 (1981)   DOI
31 Olsson, W.A., 'The effect of slip on the flow of fluid through a fracture', Geophys. Res. Lett., 19(6), pp. 541-543 (1992)   DOI