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Surfactant Enhanced In-Situ Soil Flushing Pilot Test for the Soil and Groundwater Remediation in an Oil Contaminated Site  

이민희 (부경대학교 환경해양대학 환경지질과학과)
정상용 (부경대학교 환경해양대학 환경지질과학과)
최상일 (광운대학교 환경공학과)
강동환 (부경대학교 환경해양대학 환경지질과학과)
김민철 (농업기반공사 문현지구환경복원사업소)
Publication Information
Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment / v.7, no.4, 2002 , pp. 77-86 More about this Journal
Abstract
Surfactant enhanced in-situ soil flushing was performed to remediate the soil and groundwater at an oil contaminated site, where had been used as a military vehicle repair area for 40 years. A section from the contaminated site (4.5 m $\times$ 4.5 m $\times$ 6.0 m) was selected for the research, which was composed of heterogeneous sandy and silt-sandy soils with average $K_d$ of 2.0$\times$$10^{-4}$cm/sec. Two percent of sorbitan monooleate (POE 20) and 0.07% of iso-prophyl alcohol were mixed for the surfactant solution and 3 pore volumes of surfactant solution were injected to remove oil from the contaminated section. Four injection wells and two extraction wells were built in the section to flush surfactant solution. Water samples taken from extraction wells and the storage tank were analyzed on a gas-chromatography (GC) for TPH concentration in the effluent with different time. Five pore volumes of solution were extracted while TPH concentration in soil and groundwater at the section were below the Waste Water Discharge Limit (WWDL). The effluent TPH concentration from wells with only water flushing was below 10 ppm. However, the effluent concentration using surfactant solution flushing increased to 1751 ppm, which was more than 170 times compared with the concentration with only water flushing. Total 18.5 kg of oil (TPH) was removed from the soil and groundwater at the section. The concentration of heavy metals in the effluent solution also increased with the increase of TPH concentration, suggesting that the surfactant enhanced in-situ flushing be available to remove not only oil but heavy metals from contaminated sites. The removal efficiency of surfactant enhanced in-situ flushing was investigated at the real contaminated site in Korea. Results suggest that in-situ soil flushing could be a successful process to remediate contaminated sites distributed in Korea.
Keywords
TPH; surfactant; TPH; soil remediation; groundwater remediation; in-situ flushing; sorbitan monooleate;
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