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http://dx.doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2021.49.5.001

Effects of Physical Factors on Urban Surfaces on Air Quality - Chang Chun, China as an Example -  

Jin, Quanping (Dept. of Environmental Landscape, Graduate School of Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Kim, Tae Kyung (Dept. of Environmental Landscape, Gangneung-Wonju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture / v.49, no.5, 2021 , pp. 1-11 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to find out the main factors affecting air quality in urban physical space factors, and provide clues for environmental improvement. Nine monitoring stations in China's industrial city, Changchun, collected AQI concentration data from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019. This paper analyzes the types and distribution characteristics of urban physical facilities within a radius of 300m with the detection station as the center. The monitoring station is divided into three groups, and the difference in floating dust concentration among the three groups in different seasons is analyzed. The results show that AQI concentration is the highest in spring and winter, followed by summer, and the lowest in autumn. The place with the highest concentrations of AQI in spring are F (93.00), D (91.10), I (89.20), in summer are D (69.05), A (67.89), B (84.44), in autumn are I (62.80), G (60.84), D (53.27), D (53.27), in winter are I (95.82), H (95.60), f (94.04). Through SPSS analysis, it shows that the air index in a space with a diameter of 600 meters is related to forest land, grassland, bare land, water space, tree height, building area (average value), and building volume (average value). According to the statistical analysis results of spring and winter with the most serious pollution, forest land area (43,637m2, 15.44%) and water surface area (18,736m2, 6.63%) accounted for the majority, and group 1 (A, B, C) with the least average building area (448m2, 0.17%) and average building volume (10,201m2) had the lowest pollution concentration. On the contrary, group 2 (D, E, F) had the highest AQI concentration, with less or no woodland (1,917m2, 0.68%) and water surface area (0m2, 0%), and the highest average building area (1,056m2, 0.37%) and average building volume (17,470m3). It is confirmed that the characteristics of the area with the highest AQI concentration are that the more the site ratio of tree height above 12m, the smaller the site ratio of bare land, and the lower the pollution degree. On the contrary, the larger the area of bare land, the higher the pollution degree. By analyzing the characteristics of nine monitoring stations in Changchun, it can be seen that the air quality brought by the physical characteristics of urban space is closely related to the above factors.
Keywords
Urban Architecture; Urban Green Area; Urban Proportion; AQI; Urban Space;
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