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http://dx.doi.org/10.9715/KILA.2012.40.3.069

Converting Lands that are damaged by Graveyards into Tree Burial Sites in order to Restore Green Areas  

Woo, Jae-Wook (Dept. of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Byun, Woo-Hyuk (Dept. of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Kim, Hak-Beom (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Hankyoung University)
Park, Won-Kyoung (Dept. of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Kim, Min-Su (Dept. of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Norsyuhada, Norsyuhada (Dept. of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, Korea University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture / v.40, no.3, 2012 , pp. 69-80 More about this Journal
Abstract
The purpose of this paper was to study the issues related to converting the graveyards within forests into spaces intended for tree burials by means of planting, given the situation that the graveyards have encroached on land and damaged the environment. For the reason, a field survey was performed to determine the width, length, and distance to the nearest tree of 205 graveyards in the capital area. Through this, it was determined that the domestic lands damaged by graveyards amounted to $862km^2$, including the areas that were deforested to manage the graves. This only confirms that land encroachment by graveyards is a serious issue. The methods for making tree burial sites were examined from the perspective of how to meet public demands given the graveyard's spatial distinctiveness. As a result, this study suggested different methods to establish tree burial sites according to the degree of transformation and the term of its formation. This study also classified the graveyards into three types, and identified the planting methods that harmonized the safe growth of trees and the scenic beauty of memorial places based on the standard. This is in order to plant trees that are shade-tolerant and suitable to the forest line, along with which other tree line was and also, to plant aesthetic trees around the empty space. Through applying the developed methods, this study established and monitored two exemplary sites in Yongin and Boryeng. Aesthetic trees were planted in Yongin site which was located in an open area, aod the shade-tolerant trees were planted in Boryeong, which was located in a forest area. As a result, the image of a garden appeared at Yongin site and the image of a tree colony harmonized with the near forest emerged at Boryeong site. Therefore, it is confirmed that the method of planting according to the distribution status of neighboring trees was effective. As a result of monitoring, mulching wood chips were suitable for sites that were small or easy to approach. This is because the weeds were controlled in Yongin site by mulching. Furthermore, by monitoring the growth of 11 species of vegetation, this study confirmed that low and cover-type vegetations were suitable for tree burial sites. In Boryeong site, the wild cherry trees, which were planted as adult trees, all died, and the tilling of snake's beard, which were planted as cover vegetation, was slow. Therefore, this study found that seedlings were more suitable to plant in forest graveyards than adult trees, which were large and difficult to approach, and it was effective to use the remaining lawn and form a low vegetation after the crown of trees had expanded to such places.
Keywords
Tree Burial; Natural Burial; Grave; Ecosystem Restoration; Woodland Restoration;
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