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http://dx.doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2017.38.3.194

Possible Effect of Western North Pacific Monsoon on Tropical Cyclone Activity around East China Sea  

Choi, Jae-Won (Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)
Cha, Yumi (National Institute of Meteorological Research)
Kim, Jeoung-Yun (National Institute of Meteorological Research)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean earth science society / v.38, no.3, 2017 , pp. 194-208 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study analyzed the correlation between tropical cyclone (TC) frequency and the western North Pacific monsoon index (WNPMI), which have both been influential in East China Sea during the summer season over the past 37 years (1977-2013). A high positive correlation was found between these two variables, but it did not change even if El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) years were excluded. To determine the cause of this positive correlation, the highest (positive WNPMI phase) and lowest WNPMIs (negative WNPMI phase) during an eleven-year period were selected to analyze the mean difference between them, excluding ENSO years. In the positive WNPMI phase, TCs were mainly generated in the eastern seas of the tropical and subtropical western North Pacific, passing through the East China Sea and moving northward toward Korea and Japan. In the negative phase, TCs were mainly generated in the western seas of the tropical and subtropical western North Pacific, passing through the South China Sea and moving westward toward China's southern regions. Therefore, TC intensity in the positive phase was stronger due to the acquisition of sufficient energy from the sea while moving a long distance up to East Asia's mid-latitude. Additionally, TCs occurred more in the positive phase. Regarding the difference in 850 hPa and 500 hPa stream flows between the two phases, anomalous cyclones were strengthened in the tropical and subtropical western North Pacific, whereas anomalous anticyclones were strengthened in East Asia's mid-latitude regions. Due to these two anomalous pressure systems, anomalous southeasterlies developed in East China Sea, which played a role in the anomalous steering flows that moved TCs into this region. Furthermore, due to the anomalous cyclones that developed in the tropical and subtropical western North Pacific, more TCs could be generated in the positive phase.
Keywords
tropical cyclone; Western north pacific monsoon; East China Sea; El $Ni{\tilde{n}}o$-southern oscillation;
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