Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2017.38.2.150

A Method for Determining the Sandstone Porosity by Using a Microwave Oven  

Woo, Seulgi (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Dong-A University)
Kim, Jinhoo (Department of Energy and Resources Engineering, Dong-A University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean earth science society / v.38, no.2, 2017 , pp. 150-160 More about this Journal
Abstract
In order to determine the porosity of rock, the 'standard test method for porosity and density of rock' proposed by the Korean Society for Rock Mechanics is commonly used. However, the standard test method, which uses a drying oven, takes 8 to 24 hours to complete the test in taking samples out of the oven every four hours and measuring the weight of the specimen. To complement these disadvantages, we devised a method for measuring rock porosity by using a microwave oven. The devised method reduced the cause of errors and the inconvenience occurred in the process of weighing samples by constructing a weight monitoring system, which monitors the drying process. A suitable heating/pause time was set up to maintain the temperature of sample below $105{\pm}3^{\circ}C$ in drying process, and an alarm system was implemented in order to stop drying process when the weight change of the rock sample is within 0.1% of the initial weight. The porosity was determined from the dry weight of the sample, which was obtained by the curve fitting of weight monitoring data. Then, the porosities obtained by using the microwave oven were compared with those obtained by the standard test method. Test results using sandstone samples showed that the porosities obtained by a microwave oven was similar to those obtained by the standard method and the porosity difference between two methods was as large as 0.4%. In addition, repeated porosity measurement using the same specimen showed that the standard deviation of the porosity, which reflects the precision of the measurement was as good as 0.23%. Therefore, a microwave oven porosity measurement system can give the porosity of rock samples with high reliability.
Keywords
microwave oven; sandstone; porosity; weight monitoring; curve fitting;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 3  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 ASTM C1202-97, 1997, Standard test method for electrical indication of concrete's ability to resist chloride ion penetration, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
2 ASTM D2216-10, 2010, Standard test method for laboratory determination of water (moisture) content of soil and rock by mass, Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 04.08, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 1135-1139.
3 ASTM D4643-08, 2008, Test method for determination of water (moisture) content of soil by the microwave oven heating, Annual book of ASTM standards, Vol. 04.08, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.
4 Cho, D.H., Oh, M.H., and Park, J.B., 2011, Drying characteristics of soil by microwave, Korean Geoenvironmental Society, 12, 5-12. (in Korean)
5 Cho, D.H. and Park, J.B., 2001, Rapid determination of water content of soil by microwave oven, Proc. of the 2nd Spring Conference, Korean Society of Environmental Engineers, Ewha Womans Univ., May 11-12, 295-296. (in Korean)
6 Hagerty, D.J., Ullrich, C.R., and Denton, M.M., 1990, Microwave drying of soils, Geotechnical Testing Journal, 13, 138-141.   DOI
7 Hassani, F., Nekoovaght, P.M., and Gharib, N., 2016, The influence of microwave irradiation on rocks for microwave-assisted underground excavation, Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, 8, 1-15.   DOI
8 Ko, E.J., 2013, A study on the correlation between drying exponent and permeability of rock and cement base specimens, M.S. thesis, Dong-A University, Busan, Korea, 71p. (in Korean)
9 KSRM, 2006, Standard test method for porosity and density of rock, Tunnel and Underground Space, Korean Society for Rock Mechanics, 16, 95-98. (in Korean)
10 Lee, S,K. and Lee, T.J., 2010, A new suggested method for determining solid weight of rock samples by weight monitoring during drying process, Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 47, 183-190. (in Korean)
11 Lee, S.K. and Lee, T.J., 2012, Repeatability and reproducibility in effective porosity measurements of rock samples, Jigu-Mulli-wa-Mulli-Tamsa, 15, 209-218. (in Korean)
12 Lee, S.K., Lee, T.J., and Lee, Y.M., 2012, Comparison of effective porosities measured by wet- and dry-type vacuum saturation methods, Journal of the Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, 49, 328-337. (in Korean)
13 Paul, A.G., 1988, Computer controlled microwave oven water content determination, United States Patent, 5,085,527.
14 Miller, R.J., Smith, R.B., and Bigger, J.W., 1974, Soil water content: Microwave oven method, Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 38, 535-537.   DOI
15 Park, S.S., Choi, S.G., and Ryu, J.H., 2013, A study on the measurement of moisture content in the organic soils, Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society, 29, 29-37. (in Korean)
16 Park, G.H. and Park H.D, 2016, Analysis of drying characteristics of rock by microwave, The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers Spring Conference, The Korean Society of Mineral and Energy Resources Engineers, Hotel Inter-burgo Wonju, 14-15 April, 134. (in Korean)
17 Peinsitt, T., Kucar, F., Moser, P., Kargl, H., Restner, U., and Sifferlinger, N., 2010, Microwave heating of dry water saturated basalt, granite and sandstone, Journal of Mining and Mineral Engineering, 2, 18-29.   DOI