Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2014.35.2.104

Chemical Properties of Precipitation in Related to Wind Direction in Busan, Korea, 2009  

Jung, Woon-Seon (Department of Environmental Atmospheric Sciences, Pukyong National University)
Park, Sung-Hwa (Interdisciplinary Program of Earth Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University)
Lee, Dong-In (Department of Environmental Atmospheric Sciences, Pukyong National University)
Kang, Deok-Du (Interdisciplinary Program of Earth Environmental Engineering, Pukyong National University)
Kim, Dongchul (Universities Space Research Association)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean earth science society / v.35, no.2, 2014 , pp. 104-114 More about this Journal
Abstract
The variation of acidity, conductivity, and ion components in precipitation depending on the dominant wind direction was investigated from January, 2009 to December 2009 in Busan, Korea. Both southwesterly and northeasterly winds were dominant in Busan area. The volume-weighted mean acidity showed pH 7, and the high conductivity indicated 200 ${\mu}scm^{-1}$ in westerly wind. The volume-weighted mean equivalent concentration showed higher value of $K^+$ and $Cl^-$ in all wind directions. The composition ratio of $NO{_3}^-/SO{_4}^{2-}$ showed over 3 in northerly wind. The neutralization factors have been found to have higher value for potassium ion in northeasterly, easterly, southwesterly, and westerly winds compared with different wind directions, which indicated significant neutralization of acidic components over the region by potassium. Also, the concentration of sea salt has been found over 800 ${\mu}sm^{-3}$ in northeasterly and southwesterly winds. Air masses passing through Manchuria, Inner Mongolia plateau, China, and Russia in spring, autumn, and winter covered Busan, Korea in northerly, westerly, and northwesterly winds. However, air masses passing through the ocean in summer covered Busan, Korea in easterly, northeasterly, and southwesterly winds. Therefore, the variation of acidity, conductivity, and ionic components contained in precipitation shows each seasonal characteristics with prevailing wind systems between the continental and coastal area in Busan, Korea.
Keywords
precipitation; ionic components; wind direction; back trajectory;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 8  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Bang, S.Y., Choi, J.C., Park, S.S., Cho, K.S., and Oh, S.N., 2003, A study on the properties of ionic components in precipitation at background area of the Korean peninsula. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 39, 29-41. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
2 Brewer, P.G., 1975, Minor elements in seawater. In: chemical oceanography. Academic Press, New York, USA, 496 p.
3 Choi, J.C., Lee, M.Y., and Lee, S.K., 1995, A study on water-soluble ion components in precipitation in the upstream and downstream regions of the prevailing wind at Mt. Sobaek. Journal of the Korean Meteorological Society, 31, 353-361. (in Korean)
4 Chung, J.D. and Lee, C.H., 2003, Water soluble ionic components in precipitation at Chungnam west-coast area. Journal of the Environmental Sciences, 12, 1285-1292. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을   DOI
5 Dorsey, J.R., Nemitz, E., Gallagher, M.W., Fowler, D., Williams, P.I., Bowea, K.N., and Beswick, K.M., 2002, Direct measurements and parameterisation of aerosol flux, concentration and emission velocity above a city. Atmospheric Research, 36, 791-800.   DOI   ScienceOn
6 Draxler, R.R. and Rolph, G.D., 2013, U.S. NOAA Air Resources Laboratory: HYSPLIT (HYbrid Single-Particle Lagrangian Integrated Trajectory) Model access via NOAA ARL READY. http://ready.arl.noaa.gov/HYSPLIT.php (July 24th 2013)
7 Karar, K. and Gupta, A.K., 2006, Seasonal variations and chemical characterization of ambient PM10 at residential and industrial sites of an urban region of Kolkata (Calcutta), India. Atmospheric Research, 81, 36-53.   DOI
8 El-Metwally, M. and Alfaro, S.C., 2013, Correlation between meteorological conditions and aerosol characteristics at an East-Mediterranean coastal site. Atmospheric Research, 132-133, 76-90.   DOI   ScienceOn
9 Huang, K., Zhuang, G., Xu, C., Wang, Y., and Tang, A., 2008, The chemistry of the severe acidic precipitation in Shanghai, China. Atmospheric Research, 89, 149-160.   DOI   ScienceOn
10 Jung, W.S., Park, S.H., Kang, D.D., Lee, D.I., and Kim, D., 2014, Characterization of chemical properties of precipitation at Busan, Korea, 2009. Journal of Environmental Science International, 23, 69-79. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을   DOI
11 Kim, H.S., Yoon, M.B., and Sohn, J.J., 2010, An analysis on the episodes of large-scale transport of natural airborne particles and anthropogenically affected particles from different sources in the East Asian continent in 2008. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 31, 600-607. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을   DOI
12 Kim, S.B., Choi, B.C., Oh, S.Y., Kim, S., and Kang, G.U., 2006, Acidity and chemical composition of precipitation at background area of the Korean peninsula (Anmyeon, Uljin, Gosan). Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 22, 15-24. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
13 Koo, H.S. and Kim, H.D., 2004, Numerical simulation on the wind ventilation lane and air pollutants transport due to local circulation winds in Daegu districts. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 25, 418-427. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
14 Korea Meteorological Administration, 2010, Annual climatological report. Korea Meteorological Administration, 11-1360000-000016-10, 306 p. (in Korean)
15 Korea Meteorological Administration, 2010, Report of global atmosphere watch 2009. Korea Meteorological Administration, 11-1360000-000084-10, 213 p. (in Korean)
16 Rolph, G.D., 2013, U.S. NOAA Air Resources Laboratory: Real-time Environmental Applications and Display sYstem (READY). http://ready.arl.noaa.gov (July 24th 2013)
17 Seo, K.J., 2010, Variation of atmospheric pollutants concentration by raindrop size distribution in southwestern area, Korea. Ph.D. dissertation, Pukyong National University, Busan, Korea, 135 p.
18 Lewandowska, A., Falkowska, L., Murawiec, D., Pryputniewicz, D., Burska, D., and BeIdowska, M., 2010, Elemental and organic carbon in aerosols over urbanized coastal region (southern Baltic sea, Gdynia). Science of The Total Environment, 408, 4761-4769.   DOI
19 Park, J.K. and Hwang, Y.S., 1997, The characteristics of chemical components and acidity in the precipitation at Kimhae Area. Journal of the Korean Environmental Sciences Society, 6, 461-472. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
20 Park, J.Y. and Lim, H.J., 2006, Characteristics of water soluble ions in fine particles during the winter and spring in Daegu. Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment, 22, 627-641. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
21 Shim, S.G., Kang, C.H., and Kim, Y.P., 1994, Analysis of rainwater samples in Cheju. Journal of Korea Air Pollution Research Association, 10, 98-104. (in Korean)   과학기술학회마을
22 Tasdemir, Y., Kural, C., Cindoruk, S.S., and Vardar, N., 2006, Assessment of trace element concentrations and their estimated dry deposition fluxes in an urban atmosphere. Atmospheric Research, 81, 17-35.   DOI
23 Yoon, I.H. and Lee, H.K., 1994, Meteorological characteristics over Taegu area and its application to the atmospheric dispersion modelling: III. The characteristic features of local weather phenomena by using the synoptic wind fields. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 15, 259-271. (in Korean)
24 Zhang, X., Jiang, H., Zhang, Q., and Zhang, X., 2012, Chemical characteristics of rainwater in northeast China, a case study of Dalian. Atmospheric Research, 116, 151-160.   DOI