Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5467/JKESS.2009.30.4.454

Observation, Experiment, and Analysis of the Ice Spikes Formation  

Yoon, Ma-Byong (Deaejeon Science High School)
Kim, Hee-Soo (Department of Earth Science Education, Kongju National University)
Son, Jeong-Ho (Department of Earth Science Education, Kongju National University)
Yang, Jeong-Woo (Department of Earth Science Education, Kongju National University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean earth science society / v.30, no.4, 2009 , pp. 454-463 More about this Journal
Abstract
In this study, from January 2006 to February 2009, we observed 107 ice spikes formed in a natural state, and analyzed their environment. We developed an experimental device to reproduce ice spikes in laboratory and successfully made 531 ice spikes. We analyzed the process of the formation and the principle of how those ice spikes grow through videotaped data of the formation in the experiment. In the natural world, when the surface of water and the lower part of a vessel begin to freeze, a vent (breathing hole) develops at the surface where an ice is not frozen; this vent serves as the seed of an ice spike. It is assumed that the volume expansion of ice in the vessel which occurs when water freezes makes the supercooled water go upward through the vent and becomes an ice bar called an ice spike. In the laboratory, however, when distilled water is poured into an ice tray cube and kept in the experimental device for about one and a half hours at a temperature of -12- $-13^{\circ}C$, a thin layer of ice then begins to develop on the surface of the water, the vent is formed, and ice spikes form for about 10-30 minutes. These spikes stop growing when the end becomes clogged. Ice spikes can be described as falling into seven categories of shape, with the apex type topping the list followed by the slant type in the natural state and the vertical type predominating in the laboratory.
Keywords
ice spike; vent; volume expansion of ice; supercooled water;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 변희룡, 서동일, 임병환, 2004, 자연 형성되는 '솟는 고드름'의 관측과 연관된 추론. 한국기상학회지, 40, 204-216
2 이순환, 황수진, 서광수, 2004, 사악지역 도로건설에 따른 국지 대기 순환의 변화에 관한 연구. 한국지구과학학회지, 25, 94-108   과학기술학회마을   ScienceOn
3 Morris, S., 2009, Got spikes on your ice cubes? http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/-smorris/edl/icespikes/icespikes.html (검색일: 2009. 2. 10.)
4 Abrusci, G, 1997, What conditions determine crystal growth? American Journal of Physics, 65, 941-949   DOI
5 Bally, O., 1935, Uber eine eigenartige eiskrystall bildung. Helvetica Chimica Acta, 18, 475-476   DOI
6 Blanchard, D.G., 1951, A verification of the bally-dorsey theory of spicule formation on sleet pellets. Journal of Meteorology, 8, 268-276   DOI
7 Perry, H.F., 1995, The last word on ice spikes. The Physics Teacher, 33, 148-152   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Chen, M., 1993, Ice spike formation induced by dendritic ice sheets. Undergraduate research report, University of Toronto. http://www.physics.utoronto.ca/-smorris/edllicespikes/Chen jcespikes Jeport.pdf (검색일: 2009. 2. 10.)
9 Libbrecht, K.G, 2009, Ice spikes. http://www.its.caitech.edul-atomic/snowcrystals/icespikes/icespikes.htm(검색일: 2009. 2. 10.)
10 한국과학창의재단, 2007, 솟는 고드름 생성과정(UCC콘테스트 최우수 수상작). http://www.scienceall.com/sa_ysc/boardList.sca?bbsid=42(검색일 : 2009. 1. 5)
11 Knight, C.A., 1998, Response to the previous reference. American Journal of Physics, 66, 1041-1052   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Perry, H.F., 1993, Ice spikes can you explain them? The Physics Teacher, 31, 264-272   DOI
13 홍성길, 1998, 기상분석과 일기예보. 교학연구사, 서울, 438-444
14 Dorsey, N.E., 1938, Super cooling and freezing of water. Journal of Research of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, 20, 799-808   DOI
15 한국과학창의재단, 2008, 솟는 고드름 생성 실험 프로그램(생활과학교실 프로그램 2). http://life.kofac.or.kr/lsc/nugget.lc?todo=lscQuickView&NuggetIdx=2110(검색일: 2009. 1. 5)
16 Dorsey, H.G, 1921, Peculiar ice formation. The American Physical Society, 18, 162-164
17 동아일보, 2009, 연천엔 땅에서 고드름이 자란다. 사회면 A12(2009년 1월 9일자)
18 Jamieson, K., 2006, Stalagmite ice. New Scientist, 2547, 81