Browse > Article

Physiological Responses of Warm-Season Turfgrasses under Deficit Irrigation  

Lee, Joon-Hee (Hampyung Dynasty Country Club of Daeju Group)
Trenholm, Laurie. E. (Dep. of Environmental Horticulture, Univ. of Florida)
Unruh, J. Bryan (Dep. of Environmental Horticulture, Univ. of Florida)
Publication Information
Asian Journal of Turfgrass Science / v.23, no.1, 2009 , pp. 9-22 More about this Journal
Abstract
Due to increasing concerns over issues with both water quantity and quality for turfgrass use, research was conducted to determine the response of five warm-season turfgrasses to deficit irrigation and to gain a better understanding of relative drought tolerance. St. Augustinegrass(Stenotaphrum secundatum [Walt.] Kuntze.) cultivars 'Floratam' and 'Palmetto', 'SeaIsle 1' seashore Paspalum(Paspalum vaginatumSwartz.), 'Empire' zoysiagrass(Zoysia japonica Steud.), and 'Pensacola' bahiagrass(Paspalum notatum Flugge) were established in lysimeters in the University of Florida Envirotron greenhouse facility in Gainesville. Irrigation was applied at100%, 80%, 60%, or 40% of evapotranspiration(ET). Evaluations included: a) shoot quality, leaf rolling, leaf firing; b) leaf relative water content(RWC), soil moisture content, chlorophyll content index(CCI), canopy photosynthesis(PS); c) multispectral reflectance(MSR); d) root distribution; and e) water use efficiency. Grasses irrigated at 100% and 80% of ET had no differences in visual quality, leaf rolling, leaf firing, RWC, CCI, and PS. Grasses irrigated at 60% of ET had higher values in physiological aspects than grasses irrigated at 40% of ET. 'Sealsle 1' and 'Palmetto' had a deeper root system than 'Empire' and 'Pensacola', while 'Floratam' had the least amount of root mass. Photosynthesis was positively correlated with visual assessments such as turf quality, leaf rolling, leaf firing, and sensor-based measurements such as CCI, soil moisture, and MSR. Reducing the amount of applied water by 20% did not reduce turfgrass quality and maintained acceptable physiological functioning.
Keywords
chlorophyll content; deficit irrigation; drought stress; photosynthesis; warm season turfgrass; water use efficiency;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Barrs, H.D. and P.E. Weatherley. 1962.A reexamination of the relative turgidity techniques for estimating water deficits in leaves. Aust. J. Biol. Sci. 15:413-428   DOI
2 Fry, J.D. and J.D. Butler. 1989. Responses of tall and hard fescue to deficit irrigation. Crop Science 29:1536-1541   DOI
3 Huang, B., R.R. Duncan and R.N. Carrow. 1997. Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrasses under surface soil drying: II. Root aspects. Crop Science 37:1863-1869   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Iturbe-Ormaetxe, I., P.R. Escuredo, C. Arrese-Igor and M Becana. 1998. Oxidative damage in pea plants exposed to water deficit or paraquat. Plant hysiol. 116:173-181   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Lee, J.H., L.E. Trenholm and J. B. Unruh. 2003. Technology for irrigation scheduling for St. Augustinegrass. Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 116:319-321
6 Meyer, J.L., V.A. Gibeault and V.B. Youngner. 1985. Irrigation of turfgrass below replacement of evapotranspiration as a means of water conservation: Deterniming crop coefficient of turfgrasses. In F. Lemaire(ed.) Proc. 5th Int. Turfgrass Res.Conf., Avignon, France. 357-364
7 Shackel, K.A., B. Lampinen, S. Southwick, W. Olson, S. Sibbett, W. Krueger, J. Yeager and D. Goldhamer. 2000. Deficit irrigation in prunes : maintaining productivity with less water. HortScience 35(6):1063-1066
8 Huang, B. and H. Gao. 1999. Physiological responses of diverse tall fescue cultivars to drought stress. HortScience 34:897-901
9 Lee, J.H., L.E. Trenholm and J. B. Unruh. 2003. Evaluating methods of predicting irrigation needs of warm-season turfgrasses. The Florida Green. Spring. p.57-58
10 Davies, W.J. and J. Zhang. 1991. Root signals and the regulation of growth and development of plants in drying soil. Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 42:55-76   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Bray, E.A. 1997. Plant responses to water deficit. Trends in Plant Science 2(2):48-54   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kim, K.S. and J.B. Beard. 1988. Comparative turfgrass evapotranspiration rates and associated plant morphological characteristics. Crop Science 28:328-331   DOI
13 Huang, B. and J.D. Fry. 1998. Root anatomical, physiological, and morphological responses to drought stress for tall fescue cultivars. Crop Science 38: 1017-1022   DOI   ScienceOn
14 Huang, B., R.R. Duncan and R.N. Carrow. 1997. Drought-resistance mechanisms of seven warm-season turfgrasses under surface soil drying: I. shoot response. Crop Science 37:1858-1863   DOI   ScienceOn
15 Jiang, Y. and B. Hung. 2001. Drought and heat stress injury to two cool-season turfgrasses in relation to antioxidant metabolism and lipid peroxidation. Crop Science 41:436-442   DOI
16 Jiang, Y. and B. Huang. 2002. Protein alterations in tall fescue in response to drought stress and abscisic acid. Crop Science 42:202-207   DOI   PUBMED