Browse > Article

An Experimental Study of Nano PM Emission Characteristics of Commercial Diesel Engine with Urea-SCR System to Meet EURO-IV  

Lee, Chun-Hwan (EPRC, KATECH)
Cho, Taik-Dong (Department of Mechanical Design, Engineering Collage, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers / v.15, no.6, 2007 , pp. 128-136 More about this Journal
Abstract
It is well known that two representative methods satisfy EURO-IV regulation from EURO-III. The first method is to achieve the regulation through the reduction of NOx in an engine by utilizing relatively high EGR rate and the elimination of subsequently increased PM by DPF. However, it results in the deterioration of fuel economy due to relatively high EGR rate. The second is to use the high combustion strategy to reduce PM emission by high oxidation rate and trap the high NOx emissions with DeNOx catalysts such as Urea-SCR. While it has good fuel economy relative to the first method mentioned above, its infrastructure is demanded. In this paper, the number distribution of nano PM has been evaluated by Electrical Low Pressure Impactor(ELPI) and CPC in case of Urea-SCR system in second method. From the results, the particle number was increased slightly in proportion to the amount of urea injection on Fine Particle Region, whether AOC is used or not. Especially, in case of different urea injection pressure, the trends of increasing was distinguished from low and high injection pressure. As low injection pressure, the particle number was increased largely in accordance with the amount of injected urea solution on Fine Particle Region. But Nano Particle Region was not. The other side, in case of high pressure, increasing rate of particle number was larger than low pressure injection on Nano Particle Region. From the results, the reason of particle number increase due to urea injection is supposed that new products are composited from HCNO, sulfate, NH3 on urea decomposition process.
Keywords
Diesel engine; PM(Particulate Matter); After-treatment system; Nano particle; ELPI(Electric Low Pressure Impactor); Ammonium sulfate($NH_4HSO_4$; ); Ammonium nitrate($NH_4NO_3$; ); SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction); AOC(Ammonia Oxidation Catalysts);
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 M. Kim and C. Lee, 'A Study of Hydrocarbon SCR(Selective Catalytic Reduction) on Ag/${\Gamma}-Al_2O_3$ Catalyst,' Analytical Science & Technology, Vol.18, No.2, pp.139-146, 2005
2 H. Kim, S. Lee, J. Kim, G. Cho, N. Sung and Y. Jeong, 'Measurement of Size Distribution of Diesel Particles: Effects of Instruments, Dilution Methods, and Measuring Positions,' Int. J. Automotive Technology, Vol.6, No.2, pp.119- 124, 2005   과학기술학회마을
3 P. Mikkanen, M. Moisio, J. Keskinen, J. Ristimaki and M. Marjamaki, 'Sampling Method for Particle Measurements of Vehicle Exhaust,' SAE 2001-01-0219, 2001
4 D. B. Kittelson, W. Watts, V. Baltensperger, E. Weingartner, V. Matter, S. Pandis, N. Clark and M. Gautum, Diesel Aerosol Sampling Methodology, University of Minnesota Center for Diesel Research Report, 1999
5 M. Kasper, 'The Number Concentration of Non-Volatile Particles - Design Study for an Instrument according to the PMP Recommendations,' SAE 2004-01-0960, 2004
6 L. Hofer, J. Schlatter, H. Burtscher, J. Czerwinski and A. Mayer, 'Health Effects, Measurement and Filtration of Solid Particles Emitted from Diesel Engines,' PMP Report, 2001
7 I. Gekas, P. Gabrielsson, K. Johansen, I. Bjorn and J. H. Kjaer, 'Performance of a Urea SCR System Combined with a PM and Fuel Optimized Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine Able to Achieve the Euro-V Emission Limits,' SAE 2002-01-2885, 2002
8 P. Mikkanen, M. Moisio and J. Keskinen, 'Sampling Method for Particle Measurements of Vehicle Exhaust,' SAE 2001-01-0219, 2001
9 C. H. Lee, 'A Characteristics of Particle Number Distribution for the Urea Solution Injection to Urea SCR System of Commercial Diesel Engine for an Emission Regulation,' SAE 2007-01-3455, 2007
10 A. Virtanen, M. Marjamaki, J. Ristimaki and J. Keskinen, 'Fine Particle Losses in Electrical Low-Pressure Impactor,' Journal of Aerosol Science, pp.389-401, 2001
11 M. Hosoya, S. Shundo and M. Shimoda, 'The Study of Particle Number Reduction Using After-Treatment System for a Heavy-Duty Diesel Engine,' SAE 2004-01-1423, 2004
12 B. Bruce, T. Todd, N. Ke, E. Scott, K. Hakyong and Y. Adam, 'The Development of Rapid Aging and Poisoning Protocols for Diesel Aftertreatment Devices,' Deer Conference, 2006
13 T. Johnson, 'Diesel Emission Control in Review,' SAE 2006-01-0030, 2006
14 R. Dorenkamp, 'LNT or Urea SCR Technology : Which is the Right Technology for Tier 2 Bin 5 Passenger Vehicles?,' Deer Conference, 2006
15 J. H. Baik, S. D. Yim, I. Nam, Y. S. Mok, J. Lee, B. K. Cho and S. H. Oh, 'Control of NOx Emission from Diesel Engine by Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) with Urea,' Topics in Ctalysis, Vol.30/31, pp.37-41, 2004   DOI
16 R. Henning, 'SCR Technology for NOx Reduction : Series Experience and The State of Development,' Deer Conference, 2005
17 C. S. Sluder, J. M. E. Storey, S. A. Lewis and L. A. Lewis, 'Low Temperature Urea Decomposition and SCR Performance,' SAE 2005-01- 1858, 2005
18 C. H. Lee, K. C. Oh, D. J. Kim, T. K. Ha, K. B. Lee and C. B. Lee, 'An Experimental Study of Nano PM Emission Characteristics by DPF Porosity,' Fall Conference Proceedings, Vol.I, KSAE, pp. 402-407, 2005
19 H. L. Fang and H. F. M. Dacosta, 'Urea Thermolysis NOx Reduction with and without SCR Catalysts,' Applied Catalysis B, Environmental Vol.46, pp.17-34, 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Y. Qiu and L. Gao, 'Blue-Emitting Syanuric Acid-Melamine Complexes from Urea Thermolysis,' Materials Research Bulletin, Vol.40, pp.794-799, 2005   DOI   ScienceOn
21 M. Koebel and M. Elsener, 'Oxidation of Diesel-Generated Volatile Organic Compounds in the Selective Catalytic Reduction Press,' Industrial Engineering of Chemical Research, Vol.37, pp.3864-3868, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn