Evaluation of Winter Annual Weed Vicia angustifolia as Green Manure

Vicia angustifolia L. is native plant of winter annual leguminous weed in Korea. Objective of this research was to investigate the effects of V. angustifolia as green manure for rice production in sustainable agriculture. Seed size of V. angustifolia was smaller than that hairy vetch as control plant, while seed number in same amount was approximately 1.4-fold higher. V. angustifolia started stem elongation in early April. In addition, flowering and dead-ripe stages of the plant reached at May $5^{th}$ and June $1^{st}$, respectively. Growth of V. angustifolia-barley mixed cropping system in upland was promoted up to 101 cm of plant length compared to 46.6 to 60.9 cm that grown in paddy. Biomass yield of V. angustifolia was 14.5 kg $ha^{-1}$ in single cropping system of paddy soil, and the amount of nitrogen was 65 kg $ha^{-1}$. Moreover, self-reseedling of fallen seed from V. angustifolia grown in previous year in paddy soil was significantly higher than that hairy vetch plant. These results suggested that V. angustifolia can be uses as green manure in addition to reducing the mineral fertilizer application in rice production for sustainable agriculture.

두과 월년생 잡초 살갈퀴의 녹비 이용성 검토

자생 살갈퀴는 천립중이 14.9g, 종자크기가 2.8mm로 헤어리베치 27.7g, 3.41mm보다 작으며, 종자는 경실종자로 헤어리베치보다 휴면성이 높았다. 자생살갈퀴는 수원의 경우 4월초순이 되면 생장을 시작하며 무한화서로 개화기는 5월 5일경이며 6월 1일경에는 고숙기가 되어 종자채종이 가능하였다. 5월 중순이면 살갈퀴의 생장이 정지되는데 초장은 46.6~60.9cm이며 보리와 혼파를 하면 101.1cm까지 자랐다. 분지수는 2~6개이며, 착협 마디수는 분지당 3.5~3.7개, 협수는 3.8~6.6개였다. 살갈퀴 생체중은 2,960~14,450kg $ha^{-1}$로 헤어리베치 24,860kg ha-1에 비해 크게 떨어졌다. 그러나 논에서 재배한 살갈퀴는 질소함량이 61～65kg $ha^{-1}$(생체중 13,600~14,450kg $ha^{-1}$)으로 화학비료를 절감하는 녹비로서 이용할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. 또한 살갈퀴는 사양질 논토양에서 재발생율이 높은 특성이 있어 이에 대한 연구 가 기대된다.