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http://dx.doi.org/10.5012/jkcs.2007.51.3.251

The Inhibitory Effect of Nicotine on TNF-α Expression in Human Fetal Astrocytes  

Son, Il-Hong (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Lee, Sung-Ik (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Yang, Hyun-Duk (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Han, Sun-Jung (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Suk, Seung-Han (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Lee, Jai-Kyoo (Department of Emergency, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Kim, Jae-Hyun (Department of Psychiatry, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Park, Joo-Young (Department of Microbiology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonesi University)
Moon, Hyung-In (Department of Neurology and Inam Neuroscience Research Center, Sanbon Medical Center, Wonkwang University)
Lee, Sung-Soo (Department of Neurology, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University)
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Abstract
The Tumor necrosis factor-α, (TNF-α), is involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis and contributes to the degeneration of oligodendrocytes as well as neurons. Nicotine has been found to have immunosuppressive and inflammation-suppressing effects. Astrocytes, the major glial cells in the CNS, are capable of producing TNF-α at both the mRNA and protein levels in response to interleukin-1 (IL-1) or TNF-α. Nicotine has been shown to influence glial cell functions. To order to explore the role of astrocytes in the production of TNF-α, astrocytes were pretreated with nicotine and are stimulated with IL-1β to determine their effects on TNF-α production. The results are as follows. Cytotoxic effects of nicotine on human fetal astrocytes were noted above 10 μg/ml of nicotine. The effect of IL-1β on TNF-α mRNA expression in primary cultured human fetal astrocytes was maximal at 2 h after IL- 1β(100 pg/ml) treatment. Human fetal astrocytes were pretreated with 0.1, 1, and 10 μg/ml of nicotine and then stimulated with IL-1β (100 pg/ml) for 2 h. The inhibitory effect of nicotine on expressions of TNF-α mRNA in human fetal astrocytes with pretreated 0.1 μg/ml of nicotine is first noted at 8 hr, and the inhibitory effect is maximal at 12 h. The inhibitory effect at 1 μg/ml of nicotine is inhibited maximal at 24 h. Nicotine at 0.1, 1 and 10 μg/ml concentrations significantly inhibits IL-1β-induced NF-κB activation. Collectively, this study indicates that nicotine might inhibit the expression of TNF-α in activated human fetal astrocytes.
Keywords
TNF-${\alpha}$; Human fetal astrocytes; nicotine; NF-${\kappa}{\beta}$;
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