Browse > Article

An Efficient Frequent Melody Indexing Method to Improve Performance of Query-By-Humming System  

You, Jin-Hee (연세대학교 컴퓨터과학과)
Park, Sang-Hyun (연세대학교 컴퓨터과학과)
Abstract
Recently, the study of efficient way to store and retrieve enormous music data is becoming the one of important issues in the multimedia database. Most general method of MIR (Music Information Retrieval) includes a text-based approach using text information to search a desired music. However, if users did not remember the keyword about the music, it can not give them correct answers. Moreover, since these types of systems are implemented only for exact matching between the query and music data, it can not mine any information on similar music data. Thus, these systems are inappropriate to achieve similarity matching of music data. In order to solve the problem, we propose an Efficient Query-By-Humming System (EQBHS) with a content-based indexing method that efficiently retrieve and store music when a user inquires with his incorrect humming. For the purpose of accelerating query processing in EQBHS, we design indices for significant melodies, which are 1) frequent melodies occurring many times in a single music, on the assumption that users are to hum what they can easily remember and 2) melodies partitioned by rests. In addition, we propose an error tolerated mapping method from a note to a character to make searching efficient, and the frequent melody extraction algorithm. We verified the assumption for frequent melodies by making up questions and compared the performance of the proposed EQBHS with N-gram by executing various experiments with a number of music data.
Keywords
Multimedia Database; Query-By-Humming System; Music Information Retrieval; Content-Based Searching Method; Indexing;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 A. Ghias, J. Logan, and D. Chamberlin, 'Query By Humming,' In Proc. ACM Multimedia, pp. 231-236, 1995
2 A. Pienimaki, 'Indexing Music Databases Using Automatic Extraction of Frequent Phrases,' In Proc. 3rd International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), pp. 25-30, 2002
3 K. Andreas, 'Themefinder: A Web-based Melodic Search Tool, Melodic Similarity: Concepts, Procedures and Applications,' Computing in Musicology, pp. 231-236, 1998
4 C. Liu, J. Hsu and A. L. P. Chen, 'Efficient Theme and Non-trivial Repeating Pattern Discovering in Music Databases,' In Proc. 15th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE '99), pp. 14-21, 1999
5 노승민, 박동문, 황인준, '사용자 질의 패턴을 이용한 효율적인 오디오 색인 기법', 한국 정보과학회 논문지, 제31권, 제1호, pp. 143-153, 2004
6 R. B. Dannenberg, W. P. Birmingham, G. Tzanetakis, C. Meek, N. Hu, and B. Pardo, 'The Musart Testbed or Query-By-Humming Evaluation,' In Proc. 4th International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), pp. 41-50, 2003
7 N. Kosugi, Y. Nishihara, T. Sakata, M. Yamamuro, and K. Kushima, 'A Practical Query-By-Humming System for a Large Music Database,' In Proc. ACM Multimedia, pp. 333-342, 2000
8 R. L. Kline, E. P. Glinert, 'Approximate matching algorithms for music information retrieval using vocal input,' In Proc. ACM Multimedia, pp. 130-139, 2003
9 A. Uitdenbogard, J. Zobel, 'Melodic Matching techniques for Large Music Databases,' In Proc. ACM Multimedia, pp. 57-66, 1999
10 S. Doraisamy, S. Ruger, 'Robust polyphonic music retrieval with n-grams,' Journal of Intelligent Information Systems, 21:1, pp. 53-70, 2002   DOI   ScienceOn
11 P. Rolland, G. Raskinis, and J. Ganascia, 'Musical Content-Based Retrieval: An Overview of the Melodiscov Approach and System,' In Proc. ACM Multimedia, pp. 81-84, 1999
12 J. Downie. 'Evaluating a Simple Approach to Music Information Retrieval: Conceiving Melodic N-Grams as Text,' Thesis, University of Western Ontario, 1999
13 S. Pauws, 'CubyHum: A Fully Operational Query by Humming System,' In Proc. 3rd International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), pp. 187-196, 2002
14 E. Scheirer, 'Tempo and Beat Analysis of Acoustic Musical Signals,' Acoustic Society of America, 103:1 January, pp. 588-601, 1998   DOI   ScienceOn
15 K. Ioannis, N. Alexandros, Apostolos N. Papadopoulos, M. Yannis, 'Audio Indexing for Efficient Music Information Retrieval,' International Multimedia Modelling Conference, pp. 22-29, 2005
16 J. Reiss, J. Aucouturier and M. Sandler, 'Efficient multidimensional searching routines for music information retrieval,' In Proc. 2nd International Symposium on Music Information Retrieval (ISMIR), pp. 163-171, 2001
17 R. B. Dannenberg, N. Hu, 'Understanding Search Performance in Query-by-humming Systems,' In ISMIR, 2004