Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/KTCCS.2013.2.10.413

A Fast Parity Resynchronization Scheme for Small and Mid-sized RAIDs  

Baek, Sung Hoon (중원대학교 컴퓨터시스템공학과)
Park, Ki-Wong (대전대학교 해킹보안학과)
Publication Information
KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems / v.2, no.10, 2013 , pp. 413-420 More about this Journal
Abstract
Redundant arrays of independent disks (RAID) without a power-fail-safe component in small and mid-sized business suffers from intolerably long resynchronization time after a unclean power-failure. Data blocks and a parity block in a stripe must be updated in a consistent manner, however a data block may be updated but the corresponding parity block may not be updated when a power goes off. Such a partially modified stripe must be updated with a correct parity block. However, it is difficult to find which stripe is partially updated (inconsistent). The widely-used traditional parity resynchronization manner is a intolerably long process that scans the entire volume to find and fix inconsistent stripes. This paper presents a fast resynchronization scheme with a negligible overhead for small and mid-sized RAIDs. The proposed scheme is integrated into a software RAID driver in a Linux system. According to the performance evaluation, the proposed scheme shortens the resynchronization process from 200 minutes to 5 seconds with 2% overhead for normal I/Os.
Keywords
Storage; RAID; Operating System; Parallel I/O; Reliability;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 P.M. Che, E.K. Lee, G.A. Gibson, R.H. Katz, and D.A. Patterson, "RAID: High-Performance, Reliable Secondary Storage," ACM Computing Surveys, Vol.26, No.2, pp.145-185, June, 1994.   DOI   ScienceOn
2 J.S. Plank, "The RAIOD-6 Liberation Codees", The 6th USENIX Conf. on File and Storage Technologies, pp.97-110, Feb., 2008.
3 W. Zheng and G. Zhang, "FastScale: Accelerate RAID Scaling by Minimizing Data Migration", The 9th USENIX Conf. on File and Storage Technologies, Feb., 2011.
4 J. Menon and J. Cortney, "The Architecture of a Fault-Tolerant Cached RAID Controller", Proc. of the 20th Annual International Symp. on Computer Architecture, Vol.21, issue.2, pp.76-87, May, 1993.
5 D. Teigland and H. Mauelshagen, "Volume Managers in Linux", In Proc. of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference, June, 2002.
6 P. Clements and J. Bottomley, "High Availability Data Replication", In Proc. of the 2003 Linux Symposium, June, 2003.
7 T. E. Denehy, A. C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and R. H. Arpaci-Dusseau, "Journal-guided Resynchronization for Software RAID", In Proc. of the 4th USENIX Conf. on File and Storage Technologies", Dec., 2005.
8 T. Heo. "I/O barriers", Linux Kernel 2.6 Documentation, July, 2005.
9 S. Tweedie, "EXT3, journaling filesystem," in Proceedings of the 2000 Ottawa Linux Symposium, 2000.
10 A. Mathur, M. Cao, S. Bhattacharya, A. Dilger, A. Tomas, and L. Vivier, "The new EXT4 filesystem: Current status and future plans," in Proceedings of the 2007 Ottawa Linux Symposium, 2007.
11 M. Russinvovich, "Inside Win2k NTFS, Part 1", Microsoft Developer Network. 2002.
12 D. Robbins, "Common threads: Advanced filesystem implementer's guide, Part 9, Introducing XFS", Developer Works, IBM. Jan., 2002.
13 J. Bacik, K. Dudka, H. Goede, D. Ledford, D. Novotny, N. Straz, and et. al., "Write Barriers", in Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Storage Administration Guide, pp.149-151, 2011.
14 T10, "Information technology - SCSI Primary Commands -3 (SPC-3)", T10 Committee on SCSI Storage Interfaces, ISO/IEC 14776-313, May, 2005.
15 Seagate, "SCSI Commands Reference Manual, Rev. A", Seagate Technology LLC, Publication Number: 100293068, Feb., 2006.
16 Neal Christiansen, "Windows 8 File System Performance and Reliability Enhancements in NTFS", Storage Developer Conference, Sept., 2011.
17 S.H. Baek and K.H. Park, "Striping-aware sequential prefetching for independency and parallelism in disk array with concurrent accesses", IEEE Trans. on Computers, Vol.58, No.8, Aug., 2009, pp.1146-1152.   DOI   ScienceOn
18 S.H. Baek and K.H. Park, "Matrix-Stripe-Cache-Based Contiguity Transform for Fragmented Writes in RAID-5", IEEE Trans. on Computers, Vol.56, No.8, August, 2007.
19 S.H. Baek and K.H. Park, "Prefetching with Adaptive Cache Culling for Striped Disk Arrays", In Proc. of the 2008 USENIX Annual Technical Conference, pp.363-376, June, 2008.
20 D. Vadala, "Managing RAID on Linux", O'Reilly & Associates, Inc., 2003.
21 R. McDougall, J. Mauro, "Filebench: File system micro benchmarks", http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/ performance/filebench. 2006.