Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/KIPSTA.2008.15-A.4.199

A Distributed Layer 7 Server Load Balancing  

Kwon, Hui-Ung (숭실대학교 전자공학과)
Kwak, Hu-Keun (숭실대학교 전자공학과)
Chung, Kyu-Sik (숭실대학교 정보통신전자공학부)
Publication Information
The KIPS Transactions:PartA / v.15A, no.4, 2008 , pp. 199-210 More about this Journal
Abstract
A Clustering based wireless internet proxy server needs a layer-7 load balancer with URL hashing methods to reduce the total storage space for servers. Layer-4 load balancer located in front of server cluster is to distribute client requests to the servers with the same contents at transport layer, such as TCP or UDP, without looking at the content of the request. Layer-7 load balancer located in front of server cluster is to parse client requests in application layer and distribute them to servers based on different types of request contents. Layer 7 load balancer allows servers to have different contents in an exclusive way so that it can minimize the total storage space for servers and improve overall cluster performance. However, its scalability is limited due to the high overhead of parsing requests in application layer as different from layer-4 load balancer. In order to overcome its scalability limitation, in this paper, we propose a distributed layer-7 load balancer by replacing a single layer-7 load balancer in the conventional scheme by a single layer-4 load balancer located in front of server cluster and a set of layer-7 load balancers located at server cluster. In a clustering based wireless internet proxy server, we implemented the conventional scheme by using KTCPVS(Kernel TCP Virtual Server), a linux based layer-7 load balancer. Also, we implemented the proposed scheme by using IPVS(IP Virtual Server), a linux-based layer-4 load balancer, installing KTCPVS in each server, and making them work together. We performed experiments using 16 PCs. Experimental results show scalability and high performance of the proposed scheme, as the number of servers grows, compared to the conventional scheme.
Keywords
Clustering; Hashing; Layer-4 Load Balancer; Layer-7 Load Balancer; Scalability;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 2  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 LVS(Linux Vitual Server), http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org
2 D. Rivest, “The MD5 Message Digest Algorithm,” RFC 1321, 1992
3 A. Savant, N. Memon and T. Suel, “On the Scalability of an Image Transcoding Proxy Server,” In IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, Barcelona, Spain, 2003
4 LVS Scheduling Algorithms, http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/docs/scheduling.html
5 J. Nakano, P. Montesinos, K. Gharachorloo, and J. Torrellas, “ReViveI/O: efficient handling of I/O in highly-available rollback-recovery servers,” The 12th Internation Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture pp.200-211, 2006
6 Squid Web Proxy Cache, http://www.squid-cache.org
7 H. Felix, K. Jeffay, and F. Smith, “Tracking the Evolution of Web Traffic,” Proceedings of the 11th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Modeling, Analysis, and Simulation of Computer and Telecommunication Systems (MASCOTS), pp.16-25, 2003
8 D. Lu, Y. Qiao, P. Dinda and F. Bustamante, “Modeling and Taming Parallel TCP on the Wide Area Network,” Proceedings of 19th IEEE International Parallel and Distributed Processing Symposium, April, 2005
9 B. A. Mah, “An Empirical Model of HTTP Network Traffic,” Proceedings of INFOCOM, pp.592-600, 1997
10 J. Xu and W. Lee, “Sustaining availability of Web services under distributed denial of service attacks,” IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol.52, No.2, pp.195-208, Feb., 2003   DOI   ScienceOn
11 W. Liao and P. Shih, Architecture of proxy partial caching using HTTP for supporting interactive video and cache consistency, 11th International Conference Computer Communications and Networks, 2002, pp.216-221
12 F. Baboescu, “Proxy Caching with Hash Functions,” Technical Report CS2001-0674, 2001
13 곽후근, 정규식, “통합형 무선 인터넷 프록시 서버 클러스터구조”, 정보처리학회논문지A, 제13-A권 제3호, 2006   과학기술학회마을   DOI
14 곽후근, 정규식, “무선 인터넷 프록시 서버 클러스터 시스템에서 라운드 로빈을 이용한 해싱 기법”, 정보처리학회논문지A, 제13-A권, 제7호, pp.615-622, 2006.12   과학기술학회마을   DOI
15 A. Feldmann, R. Caceres, F. Douglis, G. Glass and M. Rabinovich, “Performance of Web Proxy Caching in Heterogeneous Bandwidth Environments,” In Proceedings of the INFOCOM Conference, 1999
16 A. Fox, “A Framework for Separating Server Scalability and Availability from Internet Application Functionality,” Ph. D. Dissertation, U. C. Berkeley, 1998
17 How Virtual Server Works?, http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/how.htm
18 KTCPVS, http://www.linuxvirtualserver.org/software/ktcpvs/ktcpvs.html
19 Mindcraft, Inc., “WebStone : The Benchmark for Web Server,” http://www.mindcraft.com/web-stone
20 David Karger and al. “Web Caching with consistent hashing,” In WWW8 Conference, 1999
21 Micorsoft Corp., “Cache Array routing protocol and microsoft proxy server 2.0,” White Paper, 1999
22 P. Barford and M. Crovella, “Generating Representative Web Workloads for Network and Server Performance Evaluation,” In Proc. ACM SIGMETRICS Conf., Madison, WI, Jul., 1998
23 R. Zhang, T. Abdelzaher, and J. Stankovic, “Efficient TCP connection failover in Web serer clusters,” 23rd Annual Joint Conference of the IEEE Computer and Communications Societies (INFOCOM), pp.1219-1228, March, 2004