Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.3745/KIPSTA.2004.11A.2.129

Enhanced Bitmap Lookup Algorithm for High-Speed Routers  

Lee, Kang-woo (동국대학교 정보통신공학과)
Ahn, Jong-suk (동국대학교 컴퓨터공학과)
Abstract
As the Internet gets faster, the demand for high-speed routers that are capable of forwarding more than giga bits of data per second keeps increasing. In the previous research, Bitmap Trie algorithm was developed to rapidly execute LPM(longest prefix matching) process which is Well known as the Severe performance bottleneck. In this paper, we introduce a novel algorithm that drastically enhanced the performance of Bitmap. Trie algorithm by applying three techniques. First, a new table called the Count Table was devised. Owing to this table, we successfully eliminated shift operations that was the main cause of performance degradation in Bitmap Trie algorithm. Second, memory utilization was improved by removing redundant forwarding information from the Transfer Table. Lastly. the range of prefix lookup was diversified to optimize data accesses. On the other hand, the processing delays were classified into three categories according to their causes. They were, then, measured through the execution-driven simulation that provides the higher quality of the results than any other simulation techniques. We tried to assure the reliability of the experimental results by comparing with those that collected from the real system. Finally the Enhanced Bitmap Trie algorithm reduced 82% of time spent in previous algorithm.
Keywords
High-speed Router; Forwarding Table; Longest Prefix Matching; Bitmap Trie; Execution-Driven Simulation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 S. Oh, J. Ahn, 'Bit-Map Trie : A Data Structure for Fast Forwarding Lookups,' GlobeCom, pp. 1872-1876, 2001   DOI
2 M. Waldvogel, G. Varglese, J.Turner, B. Plattner, 'Scalable High Speed IP Routing Lookups,' In Proc. of ACM SIGCOMM '97, pp.5-9, 1997   DOI
3 S. Nilsson, G. Karlsson, 'Fast address lookup for Internet routers,' In Proc. IEEE Broadband Communications, pp.5-8, Apr., 1998
4 I. L. Chvets and M. H. MacGreaor, 'Multi-zone caches for accelerating IP routing table lookups,' In Proc. High Performance Switching and Routing, pp.121-126, Jun., 2002   DOI
5 The Architecture Design for a Ten Terabit IP Switch Router,' In Proc. IEEE Workshop on High performance Switching and Routing (HPSR2001), pp.358-362, May, 2001   DOI
6 M. A. Ruiz-Sanchez, E. W. Biersack and Walid Dabbous, 'Survey and taxonomy of IP address lookup algorithms,' IEEE Network, Vol.15, Issue 2, pp.8-23, Mar.-Apr., 2001   DOI   ScienceOn
7 A. Sharma, 'Augmint-A Multiprocessor Simulation Environment for Intel x86 architectures,' Technical report, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Mar., 1996
8 IPMA(Internet Performance Measurement and Analysis), http://www.merit.edu/ipma/routing_table
9 A. V. Aho, J. E. Hopcrof and J. D. Ullman, 'Data Structures and Algorithms,' Addison-Wesley Pub Co, pp.17-18, pp.78-81, Jan., 1983
10 L. Bhuyan and H. Wang, 'Execution-Driven Simulation of IR Router Architectures,' NCA2001. IEEE International Symposium, pp.8-10, Oct., 2001
11 S.Venkatachary and G.Varghese, 'Faster IP Lookups using Controlled Prefix Expansion,' In Proc. of ACM Sigmetrics '98, pp.1-10, June, 1998   DOI
12 M. Degermark, et al., 'Small Forwarding Tables for Fast Routing Lookups,' In Proc. ACM SIGCOMM '97, pp.3-14, Oct., 1997   DOI
13 W. Eatherton, Z. Dittia, G. Varghese, 'Tree Bitmap : Hardware/Software IP Lookups with Incremental Updates,' Thesis, Washington 'University in St. Louis,' pp.7-10, 1998
14 S. Karlin, L. Peterson 'VERA : An Extensible Router Architecture,' IEEE OPENARCH01, pp.3-14, Apr., 2001
15 B. Lampson, V. Strinivasan and G. Varghese, 'IP Lookups using Multiway and Multicolumn Search,' IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, Vol.7, No.3, pp.324-334, Jun., 1999   DOI   ScienceOn
16 A. J. McAuley, P. Francis. 'Fast routing table lookup using CAMs,' In Proceedings of the Conference on Computer Communications, Vol.3, pp.1382-1391, Mar.-Apr., 1993   DOI
17 D. R. Morrison, 'PATRICLA-Practical Algorithm to Retreive Information Coded In Alfanumeric,' Journal of the ACM, pp.514-534, Oct., 1968
18 A. McAuley, P. Tsuchiya, D. Wilson, 'Fast multilevel hierarchical routing table using contentaddressable memory,' U. S. Patent Serial Number, 034444, Dec., 1995